Today we will look at the form निवारयामासुः 3Ap-लिँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 4.19.27

तमृत्विजः शक्रवधाभिसन्धितं विचक्ष्य दुष्प्रेक्ष्यमसह्यरंहसम् ।
निवारयामासुरहो महामते न युज्यतेऽत्रान्यवधः प्रचोदितात् ।। ४-१९-२७ ।।
वयं मरुत्वन्तमिहार्थनाशनं ह्वयामहे त्वच्छ्रवसा हतत्विषम् ।
अयातयामोपहवैरनन्तरं प्रसह्य राजन्जुहवाम तेऽहितम् ।। ४-१९-२८ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
शक्रवधेऽभिसन्धितं कृताभिप्रायम् । प्रचोदितात्पशोर्वधादन्यस्य वधस्तव न युज्यते ।। तद्वधं तु वयं करिष्याम इत्याहुः । वयमिह यज्ञनाशकं त्वत्कीर्त्यैव हतप्रभमिन्द्रमाह्वयामहे । कैः । अयातयामैरगतवीर्यैराह्वानमन्त्रै: । अनन्तरं च ते तवाहितं जुहवाम होष्यामः ।।

Gita Press translation “Pṛthu’s might and rapidity of movement were irresistible; he was terrible to look at (on account of his great fury). When the priests officiating at the sacrifice saw that he had made up his mind to kill Indra, they prevented him, saying, O king of great wisdom, it is not worthy of you to kill anyone other than the beast approved of (by the scriptures) on this (sacred) occasion. We will invoke to this very place through powerful spells Indra, who has thwarted your purpose and has been eclipsed by your glory, and will without delay forcibly throw your enemy, O king, (as an oblation) into the fire.”

वारयामासुः is derived from the धातुः √वृ (स्वादि-गणः, वृञ् वरणे, धातु-पाठः # ५. ८) or √वृ (क्र्यादि-गणः, वृङ् सम्भक्तौ, धातु-पाठः # ९. ४५)

वृ + णिच् । 3-1-26 हेतुमति च, the affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.
= वृ + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
= वार् + इ । By 7-2-115 अचो ञ्णिति, a vowel ending अङ्गम् gets a वृद्धिः substitute, when followed by a प्रत्ययः that has ञकारः or a णकारः as an indicatory letter. By 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः, in the place of ऋवर्ण: if an अण् letter (“अ”, “इ”, “उ”) comes as a substitute, it is always followed by a रँ (“र्”, “ल्”) letter.
= वारि । By 6-1-78 एचो ऽयवायावः।
“वारि” gets the धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

(1) वारि + लिँट् । By 3-2-115 परोक्षे लिँट्, the affix लिँट् (Perfect Tense) comes after a verbal root in the sense of the past not of today, provided that the action is unperceived by the narrator.

(2) वारि + आम् + लिँट् । By वार्त्तिकम् (under 3-1-35) कास्यनेकाच आम् वक्तव्यो लिँटि, when लिँट् follows, the affix आम् is prescribed after the धातु: √कास् (कासृँ शब्दकुत्सायाम् १. ७१०) as also after any धातु: that is अनेकाच् (has more than one vowel.)

(3) वारय् + आम् + लिँट् । By 6-4-55 अयामन्ताल्वाय्येत्न्विष्णुषु, the affix “णि” is substituted by “अय्” when followed by any one of the following affixes – “आम्”, “अन्त”, “आलु”, “आय्य”, “इत्नु” or “इष्णु”।

(4) वारयाम् । By 2-4-81 आमः, an affix which follows the affix “आम्” takes the लुक् elision. Now “वारयाम्” gets the प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च with the help of 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम्।
Note: लिँट् has the कृत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-93 कृदतिङ्।

(5) वारयाम् + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा…..।

(6) वारयाम् । By 2-4-81 आमः, an affix which follows the affix “आम्” takes the लुक् elision.

(7) वारयाम् + अस् + लिँट् । By 3-1-40 कृञ् चानुप्रयुज्यते लिटि, following a term ending in the affix “आम्”, one of the following is annexed:
i. √कृ (डुकृञ् करणे ८. १०) followed by लिँट्
ii. √भू (भू सत्तायाम् १. १) followed by लिँट् or
iii. √अस् (असँ भुवि २. ६०) followed by लिँट्

Note: In this सूत्रम्, “कृञ्” is a प्रत्याहार: formed starting from “कृ” in 5-4-50 and ending with “ञ्” in 5-4-58.

(8) वारयाम् + अस् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

The ending अकार: (which is a इत् by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्) of (असँ भुवि २. ६०) has a उदात्त-स्वर:। Hence as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, √अस् takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। The विवक्षा is प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, hence the प्रत्ययः is “झि”।

(9) वारयाम् + अस् + झि । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “झि” as the substitute for the लकारः। By 3-4-115 लिट् च, a तिङ्-प्रत्यय: which comes in place of लिँट् gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा। Therefore “झि” gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा। This prevents 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ (which requires a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: to follow) from applying.

(10) वारयाम् + अस् + उस् । By 3-4-82 परस्मैपदानां णलतुसुस्थलथुसणल्वमाः, when they come in place of लिँट्, the nine परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: – “तिप्”, “तस्”, “झि”, “सिप्”, “थस्”, “थ”, “मिप्”, “वस्” and “मस्” – are substituted by “णल्”, “अतुस्”, “उस्”, “थल्”, “अथुस्”, “अ”, “णल्”, “व” and “म” respectively.
1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending सकार: of “उस्” from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(11) वारयाम् अस् अस् + उस् । By 6-1-8 लिटि धातोरनभ्यासस्य , when लिँट् follows a verbal root, there is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of the verbal root which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

(12) वारयाम् आस् अस् + उस् । By 7-4-70 अत आदेः, a beginning अकारः of a अभ्यास: (reduplicate) takes the दीर्घादेश: (आकार:) when लिँट् follows.

(13) वारयाम् + आ अस् + उस् । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः, of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

(14) वारयामासुस् । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः ।

(15) वारयामासुः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ – 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः ।

“नि” is the उपसर्गः (ref. 1-4-59 उपसर्गाः क्रियायोगे।)
नि + वारयामासुः = निवारयामासुः।

Questions:

1. Where has 3-1-26 हेतुमति च been used (as in this example) in a तिङन्तं पदम् in Chapter Five of the गीता?

2. Can you spot a “यक्”-प्रत्यय: in the verses?

3. Can you spot a “आट्”-आगम: in the verses?

4. Where has 7-3-101 अतो दीर्घो यञि been used in the verses?

5. In the verses, can you spot a प्रातिपदिकम् which ends in the प्रत्यय: “क्विन्”?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Sri Rama warded off those demons who tried to hinder Vishwamitra’s sacrifice.” Use the अव्ययम् “उपरोद्धुम्” for “to hinder” and use (a लिँट् form of) √यत् (यतीँ प्रयत्ने १. ३०) with the उपसर्ग: “प्र” for “to try.” Use appropriate forms of the pronouns “यद्” and “तद्”।

Easy questions:

1. Why doesn’t the ending नकार: in (हे) राजन् take लोप: by 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य?

2. Which सूत्रम् is used for the “नुँम्”-आगम: in the form मरुत्वन्तम् (प्रातिपदिकम् “मरुत्वत्”, पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम्)? Note: The प्रातिपदिकम् “मरुत्वत्” ends in the प्रत्यय: “वतुँप्”।