Today we will look at the form वस 2As-लोँट् from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 2-84-16.

निष्कुटश्चैव देशोऽयं वञ्चिताश्चापि ते वयम् ।
निवेदयाम ते सर्वं स्वके दाशगृहे वस ।। २-८४-१६ ।।

Gita Press translation “This territory is but a pleasure-grove attached to your palace and we have been taken in (by our unwariness in failing to know of your visit beforehand and thus being deprived of an opportunity to receive in advance). We (hereby) offer you all (that we have); (pray) dwell in the house of a ferryman, which is your own.”

वस is derived from the धातुः √वस् (भ्वादि-गणः, वसँ निवासे धातु-पाठः #१. ११६०)

The विवक्षा is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

In the धातु-पाठः, √वस् has one इत् letter which is the अकार: following the सकार:। This इत् letter has a उदात्त-स्वर:। Thus √वस् is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। (Neither 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् nor 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले applies.) Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, √वस् takes the परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. As per 1-4-99 लः परस्मैपदम्, 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “तिप्” to “मस्” get the परस्मैपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √वस् can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:।

(1) वस् + लोँट् । By 3-3-162 लोट् च , the affix लोँट् comes after a धातुः when used in the sense of command/request.

(2) वस् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) वस् + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “सिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) वस् + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्,  1-3-9 तस्य लोपः ।

(5) वस् + हि । By 3-4-87 सेर्ह्यपिच्च – ‘सि’ of लोँट् is substituted by ‘हि’ and it is a अपित्। ‘हि’ also gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ ।

(6) वस् + शप् + हि । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(7) वस् + अ + हि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् , 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः ।

(8) वस । By 6-4-105 अतो हेः – There is an elision of the affix “हि” when it follows an अङ्गम् ending in a अकार:।

Questions:

1. Can you spot another तिङ्-प्रत्यय: (besides the one in वस) used in the verse?

2. In the first verse of which chapter of the गीता has the हि-प्रत्यय: been used?

3. Which सूत्रम् used in the example belongs to the “अङ्गस्य” अधिकार:?

4. Which of the following does NOT belong to the प्रादि-गण:?
a) नि
b) एव
c) अपि
d) निस्

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-2-111 इदोऽय् पुंसि been used?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Let all the soldiers stay in the camp outside the village.” Use the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् “शिबिर” for “camp”, use the अव्ययम् “बहिस्” for “outside” and the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “ग्राम” for village. Use पञ्चमी-विभक्ति: with “ग्राम”।

7. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Stay here for one week.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “सप्ताह” for “week.”
Note: When an action is done for a continuous period of time (or distance) then द्वितीया-विभक्ति: has to be used with the measure of time (or distance.) सूत्रम् is 2-3-5 कालाध्वनोरत्यन्तसंयोगे ।

8. Please list the two synonyms for the word “दाश:” (प्रातिपदिकम् “दाश” masculine, meaning “fisherman”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
कैवर्ते दाशधीवरौ ।।१-१०-१५।।
(इति त्रीणि “धीवरस्य” नामानि)

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot where each of the following rules have been used in the verse?
a) 6-1-109 एङः पदान्तादति ।
b) 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः ।
c) 6-1-88 वृद्धिरेचि ।

2. Where has the ङि-प्रत्यय: been used?