Today we will look at the form पथि from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।
भृत्यवत्सल तिष्ठन्तं भर्तृपुत्रगते पथि |
भक्तं भृत्यं स्थितं स्थित्या न मा त्वं हातुमर्हसि || २-५२-५८||
Gita Press translation “O prince, who are so fond of your dependents, you ought not to desert me, your devoted servant, standing resolved to tread on the path chosen by the son of his master and (ever) keeping within bounds.”
‘पथिन्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्। The विवक्षा here is सप्तमी-एकवचनम्। 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पथिन्’।
(1) पथिन् + ङि ।
(2) पथिन् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। ‘पथिन्’ gets भ-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-18 यचि भम् ।
(3) पथि । The टि-भागः of पथिन् which has the भ-सञ्ज्ञा, takes लोपः by 7-1-88 भस्य टेर्लोपः।
See question 1.
Questions:
1. By which सूत्रम् does पाणिनि: define the टि-सञ्ज्ञा ?
2. What is the प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्”? Which विभक्ति:/वचनम् has been used? Is there an alternate form possible?
3. Which one of the following statements is true regarding अस्मद् and युष्मद् ?
a) They are used only in the masculine
b) They are used in all three genders and the forms are different in all three genders.
c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
d) They are used only in the plural
4. Please state the one synonym for वत्सल: (प्रातिपदिकम् “वत्सल” adjective, meaning “fond of”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
स्निग्धस्तु वत्सलः ।।३-१-१४।।
5. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“You ought not to give up the study of grammar.” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “अध्ययन” (declined like “वन”) for “study.”
6. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः been used in this verse?
7. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verse has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा?
8. Where has सम्बुद्धि: been used in the verse?
Easy questions:
1. Consider the form भर्तृपुत्रगते which is सप्तमी-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “भर्तृपुत्रगत” – the derivation is as follows:
भर्तृपुत्रगत + ङि by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
भर्तृपुत्रगत + इ by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
भर्तृपुत्रगते by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get अ + इ = ए ?
2. Consider the form स्थित्या which is तृतीया-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” – steps are as follows:
स्थिति + टा by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
स्थिति + आ by 1-3-7 चुटू , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
स्थित्या by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get replace इ by य् ?
1. By which सूत्रम् does पाणिनि: define the टि-सञ्ज्ञा ?
Ans: 1-1-64 अचोऽन्त्यादि टि। Meaning: That part of a group of sounds which begins with the last vowel of the group (and goes to the end of the group) gets the designation टि।
2. What is the प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्”? Which विभक्ति:/वचनम् has been used? Is there an alternate form possible?
Ans: The प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्” is “युष्मद्”। प्रथमा विभक्ति: एकवचनम् । No alternate form possible.
3. Which one of the following statements is true regarding अस्मद् and युष्मद् ?
Ans: c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
5. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“You ought not to give up the study of grammar.” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “अध्ययन” (declined like “वन”) for “study.”
Ans: व्याकरणस्य अध्ययनम् न त्वं त्यक्तुमर्हसि = व्याकरणस्याध्ययनं न त्वं त्यक्तुमर्हसि ।
6. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः been used in this verse?
Ans: In the form “मा”, प्रातिपदिकम् “अस्मद्”, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।
7. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verse has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा?
Ans: The प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” in the form स्थित्या has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-7 शेषो घ्यसखि।
स्थिति + टा (4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्…) = स्थिति + आ (1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः) = स्थित्या (6-1-77 इको यणचि)
Please note that 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् does not apply here since “स्थिति” is a स्त्रीलिङ्ग-शब्दः।
8. Where has सम्बुद्धि: been used in the verse?
Ans: (हे) भृत्यवत्सल।
Easy questions:
1. Consider the form भर्तृपुत्रगते which is सप्तमी-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “भर्तृपुत्रगत” – the derivation is as follows:
भर्तृपुत्रगत + ङि by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
भर्तृपुत्रगत + इ by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
भर्तृपुत्रगते by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get अ + इ = ए ?
Ans: 6-1-87 आद् गुणः ।
2. Consider the form स्थित्या which is तृतीया-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” – steps are as follows:
स्थिति + टा by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
स्थिति + आ by 1-3-7 चुटू , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
स्थित्या by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get replace इ by य् ?
Ans: 6-1-77 इकोयणचि ।
Questions:
1. By which सूत्रम् does पाणिनि: define the टि-सञ्ज्ञा ?
By 1-1-64 अचोऽन्त्यादि टि।
2. What is the प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्”? Which विभक्ति:/वचनम् has been used? Is there an alternate form possible?
प्रातिपदिकम् “युष्मद्”, अत्र प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।
Alternate forms only come in the case of द्वितीया/चतुर्थी/षष्ठी विभक्ति: by the rules 8-1-20 युष्मदस्मदोः षष्ठीचतुर्थीद्वितीयास्थयोर्वान्नावौ to 8-1-23. Since we have प्रथमा-विभक्ति: here, there is no alternate form.
3. Which one of the following statements is true regarding अस्मद् and युष्मद् ?
a) They are used only in the masculine
b) They are used in all three genders and the forms are different in all three genders.
c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
d) They are used only in the plural
The following statement is correct:
c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
4. Please state the one synonym for वत्सल: (प्रातिपदिकम् “वत्सल” adjective, meaning “fond of”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
स्निग्धस्तु वत्सलः ।।३-१-१४।।
स्निग्धः।
5. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“You ought not to give up the study of grammar.” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “अध्ययन” (declined like “वन”) for “study.”
त्वम् व्याकरणस्य अध्ययनम् हातुम् न अर्हसि = त्वं व्याकरणस्याध्ययनं हातुं नार्हसि।
6. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः been used in this verse?
By 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः, we get the alternate short form मा (instead of माम्) which is द्वितीया-एकवचनम् of “अस्मद्”।
8. Where has सम्बुद्धि: been used in the verse?
सम्बुद्धि: has been used in भृत्यवत्सल, प्रातिपदिकम् “भृत्यवत्सल”. The सुँ-प्रत्ययः that follows gets सम्बुद्धिः-सञ्ज्ञा by 2-3-49 एकवचनं संबुद्धिः।
भृत्यवत्सल + सुँ = भृत्यवत्सल + स् (1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः) = भृत्यवत्सल (6-1-69 एङ्ह्रस्वात् सम्बुद्धेः)
Easy questions:
1. 6-1-87 आद्गुणः।
2. 6-1-77 इको यणचि।
Questions:
1. By which सूत्रम् does पाणिनि: define the टि-सञ्ज्ञा ?
1-1-64 अचोऽन्त्यादि टि।
2. What is the प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्”? Which विभक्ति:/वचनम् has been used? Is there an alternate form possible?
The प्रातिपदिकम् in the form “त्वम्” is “युष्मद्”, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्। Alternate form does not exist.
3. Which one of the following statements is true regarding अस्मद् and युष्मद् ?
a) They are used only in the masculine
b) They are used in all three genders and the forms are different in all three genders.
c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
d) They are used only in the plural
(c)They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
4. Please state the one synonym for वत्सल: (प्रातिपदिकम् “वत्सल” adjective, meaning “fond of”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
स्निग्धस्तु वत्सलः ।।३-१-१४।।
The synonym is स्निग्धः (प्रातिपदिकम् “स्निग्ध” also an adjective).
5. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“You ought not to give up the study of grammar.” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “अध्ययन” (declined like “वन”) for “study.”
त्वम् व्याकरणस्य अध्ययनम् न त्यक्तुम् अर्हसि = त्वं व्याकरणस्याध्ययनं न त्यक्तुमर्हसि ।
6. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः been used in this verse?
In मा (प्रातिपदिकम् “अस्मद्”, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्)
7. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verse has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा?
प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” used in स्थित्या (तृतीया-एकवचनम्) has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-7 शेषो घ्यसखि।
8. Where has सम्बुद्धि: been used in the verse?
(हे) भृत्यवत्सल (प्रातिपदिकम् “भृत्यवत्सल”)
Easy questions:
1. Consider the form भर्तृपुत्रगते which is सप्तमी-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “भर्तृपुत्रगत” – the derivation is as follows:
भर्तृपुत्रगत + ङि by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
भर्तृपुत्रगत + इ by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
भर्तृपुत्रगते by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get अ + इ = ए ?
6-1-87 आद्गुणः।
2. Consider the form स्थित्या which is तृतीया-एकवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” – steps are as follows:
स्थिति + टा by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छस्टा…
स्थिति + आ by 1-3-7 चुटू , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
स्थित्या by ?
Which सूत्रम् was used in the last step to get replace इ by य् ?
6-1-77 इको यणचि।
1. 1-1-64 अचोऽन्त्यादि टि।
2. The प्रातिपदिकम् is “युष्मद्”, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्। No other form for त्वम् is possible.
3. c) They are used in all three genders but the forms are the same in all three genders.
4. The synonym is स्निग्धः, also an adjective.
5. व्याकरणस्य अध्ययनम् न त्यक्तुम् अर्हसि = व्याकरणस्याध्ययनं न त्यक्तुमर्हसि ।
6. In मा (प्रातिपदिम् “अस्मद्”, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्)
By 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः, the प्रातिपदिके युष्मद् and अस्मद् along with a singular affix of the second case, get त्वा and मा as replacements respectively when the following two conditions are satisfied:
1. There is a पदम् in the same sentence preceding युष्मद्/अस्मद्।
2. युष्मद्/अस्मद् is not at the beginning of a metrical पाद:।
In the present present example मा has the पदम् “न” preceding it and also मा is not at the beginning of the metrical पाद: “न मा त्वं हातुमर्हसि।”
8. (हे) भृत्यवत्सल।