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तुतोष 3As-लिँट्

Today we will look at the form तुतोष 3As-लिँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 7.9.9

मन्ये धनाभिजनरूपतपःश्रुतौजस्तेजःप्रभावबलपौरुषबुद्धियोगाः ।
नाराधनाय हि भवन्ति परस्य पुंसो भक्त्या तुतोष भगवान्गजयूथपाय ।। ७-९-९ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
एवं हरितोषणे स्वस्यायोग्यतामाशङ्क्य योग्यतां सम्भावयति – मन्य इति द्वाभ्याम् । अभिजनः सत्कुले जन्म । रूपं सौन्दर्यम् । श्रुतं पाण्डित्यम् । ओज इन्द्रियनैपुणम् । तेजः कान्तिः । प्रभावः प्रतापः । पौरुषमुद्यमः । बुद्धिः प्रज्ञा । योगोऽष्टाङ्गः । एते धनादयो द्वादशापि गुणाः परस्य पुंस आराधनाय न भवन्तिहि यतः केवलया भक्त्यैव गजेन्द्राय तुष्टोऽभवत् ।।

Gita Press translation “Wealth, pedigree, comeliness of form, asceticism, learning, keenness of the senses, splendor, glory, bodily strength, self-endeavor, intelligence and Yoga (concentration of mind or breath-control), I believe, are not sufficient for the propitiation of the Supreme Person. For (on the other hand) the Lord was pleased with the leader of a herd of (wild) elephants through (mere) Devotion.”

तुतोष is derived from the धातुः √तुष् (दिवादि-गणः, तुषँ प्रीतौ, धातु-पाठः # ४. ८१)

In the धातु-पाठः, the धातुः √तुष् has one इत् letter – the अकार: following the षकार:। This इत् letter has a उदात्त-स्वर:। Thus the धातुः √तुष् is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। (Neither 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् nor 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले applies.) Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, the तुष्-धातुः, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, will take the परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. As per 1-4-99 लः परस्मैपदम्, 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “तिप्” to “मस्” get the परस्मैपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So तुष्-धातुः can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:।

The विवक्षा is लिँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्, hence the प्रत्ययः is तिप्।

(1) तुष् + लिँट् । By 3-2-115 परोक्षे लिँट्, the affix लिँट् (Perfect Tense) comes after a verbal root in the sense of the past not of today, provided that the action is unperceived by the narrator.

(2) तुष् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(3) तुष् + तिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “तिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। By 3-4-115 लिट् च, a तिङ्-प्रत्यय: which comes in place of लिँट् gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा। Therefore “तिप्” gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा।

(4) तुष् + णल् । By 3-4-82 परस्मैपदानां णलतुसुस्थलथुसणल्वमाः, when they come in place of लिँट्, the nine परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: – “तिप्”, “तस्”, “झि”, “सिप्”, “थस्”, “थ”, “मिप्”, “वस्” and “मस्” – are substituted by “णल्”, “अतुस्”, “उस्”, “थल्”, “अथुस्”, “अ”, “णल्”, “व” and “म” respectively.

(5) तुष् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(6) तुष् तुष् + अ । By 6-1-8 लिटि धातोरनभ्यासस्य, when लिँट् follows a verbal root, there is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of the verbal root which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

(7) तु तुष् + अ । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः, of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

(8) तुतोष । By 7-3-86 पुगन्‍तलघूपधस्‍य च, when a अङ्गम् is followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्ययः, then its इक्-letter takes गुण-आदेशः in the following two cases: i) The अङ्गम् ends in a पुक्-आगमः
or ii) The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् has the लघु-सञ्ज्ञा।

Questions:

1. Where has √तुष् (दिवादि-गणः, तुषँ प्रीतौ, धातु-पाठः # ४. ८१) been used in a तिङन्तं पदम् in the first ten verses of Chapter Ten of the गीता?

2. Can you spot a “श्यन्”-प्रत्यय: in the verse?

3. Can you spot a “शप्”-प्रत्यय: in the verse?

4. Where has 3-4-100 इतश्च been used in the commentary?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Sri Krishna was pleased by the humility of Arjuna.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “विनय” for “humility.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Lord Siva burned Cupid, with (his) third eye.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “मदन” for “Cupid”, use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “तृतीय” for “third” and use (a लिँट् form) of √दह् (दहँ भस्मीकरणे १. ११४६) for “to burn.”

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot a “शी”-आदेश: in the commentary?

2. Where has 7-3-102 सुपि च been used in the verse?

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