Today we will look at the form असि 2As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10-51-35.

तेजसा तेऽविषह्येण भूरि द्रष्टुं न शक्नुमः ।
हतौजसो महाभाग माननीयोऽसि देहिनाम् ।। १०-५१-३५ ।।

Translation “Dazzled by Your unbearable effulgence, we are unable to look at You for a long time, O highly blessed One! (All the same we can easily perceive that) You are worthy to be honored by (all) embodied souls.”

असि is derived from the धातुः √अस् (असँ भुवि, अदादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #२. ६०)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

The ending अकारः (which is an इत्) of “असँ” has a उदात्त-स्वरः। Thus the √अस्-धातुः is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। (Neither 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् nor 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले applies.) Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, the √अस्-धातुः, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, will take the परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default.
Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “सिप्”।

(1) अस् + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) अस् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) अस् + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “सिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातो:” अधिकार:।

(4) अस् + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) अस् + शप् + सि । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(6) अस् + सि । By 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः, the शप्-प्रत्ययः takes the लुक् elision when following a verbal root belonging to अदादि-गणः।

(7) असि । By 7-4-50 तासस्त्योर्लोपः – when followed by an affix beginning with a सकार:, there is a लोप: elision of the सकार: of the “तास्”-प्रत्यय: and of √अस् (असँ भुवि २. ६०)।

Questions:

1. Where has असि been used in Chapter 16 of the गीता?

2. In which सूत्रम् used in the steps of this example has the श्तिप्-प्रत्यय: been used?

3. Why didn’t the इकार: in the form देहिनाम् get the दीर्घादेश: (elongation) by the सूत्रम् 6-4-3 नामि?

4. Why didn’t the सूत्रम् 6-4-111 श्नसोरल्लोपः apply in this example? (Which condition was not satisfied?)

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“What is the speciality of this place?” Use the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् “वैशिष्ट्य” for “speciality.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You are the best among all the students.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “उत्तम” for “best.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has the युष्मद्-प्रातिपदिकम् been used in the verse?

2. Which सूत्रम् was used to replace the नकार: by a णकार: in the form अविषह्येण?