Today we will look at the form शेते 3As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb10-51-10.

नन्वसौ दूरमानीय शेते मामिह साधुवत् ।
इति मत्वाच्युतं मूढस्तं पदा समताडयत् ।। १०-५१-१० ।।

Gita Press translation – “Surely, having brought me (so) far away, the fellow is lying here like an innocent man!” Saying thus to himself and taking him to be Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the immortal Lord), the stupid fellow struck him freely with his foot.

शेते is derived from the धातुः √शी (शीङ् स्वप्ने, अदादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः २. २६)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

The धातुः √शी is a ङित् (has ङकारः as a इत् letter)। Thus by 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् √शी will get आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः। As per 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “त” to “महिङ्” get the आत्मनेपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √शी can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। Since the विवक्षा is प्रथम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “त”।

(1) शी + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) शी + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) शी + त । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “त” as the substitute for the लकारः। “त” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातो:” अधिकार:।

(4) शी + ते । By 3-4-79 टित आत्मनेपदानां टेरे, the टि-भागः of a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययः which substitutes a टित्-लकारः (a लकार: which has टकार: as a इत्), gets एकारः as the replacement.

(5) शी + शप् + ते । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(6) शी + ते । By 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः, the शप्-प्रत्ययः takes the लुक् elision when following a verbal root belonging to अदादि-गणः।

(7) शे + ते । By 7-4-21 शीङः सार्वधातुके गुणः, the verbal root √शी (शीङ् स्वप्ने २. २६) takes गुण-आदेशः when a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः follows.

Questions:

1. In Chapter 17 of the गीता, can you spot a तिङन्तं पदम् which has been formed from a धातु: (like शीङ्) which has ङकार: as an इत्? (We have seen this धातु: in a prior post.)

2. The अव्ययम् “इति” normally ends a quotation. Based on the context we have to find out where the quotation begins. From where does the quotation begin in this verse?

3. Why do we need the सूत्रम् 7-4-21 शीङः सार्वधातुके गुणः in step 7? Couldn’t we have simply used 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः to do the गुणादेश:?

4. In which other सूत्रम् (that we have studied) does पाणिनि: specifically mention the धातु: √शी (शीङ् स्वप्ने २. २६)?

5. Which अव्ययम् used in the verse translates to “Surely”?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“One should sleep only at night.”

Advanced question:

1. The form पदा used in this verse is तृतीया-एकवचनम् of which प्रातिपदिकम्? Which सूत्रम् (which we have not studied) in 6-1 of the अष्टाध्यायी is used to derive this form?

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-3-34 विसर्जनीयस्य सः been used in the verse?

2. Where has the “अदस्”-प्रातिपदिकम् been used?