Today we will look at the form भवन्तौ from श्रीमद्भागवतम् SB 10-41-46

भवन्तौ किल विश्वस्य जगतः कारणं परम् ।
अवतीर्णाविहांशेन क्षेमाय च भवाय च ।। १०-४१-४६ ।।

Gita Press translation “The ultimate Cause of the whole universe, You two, I understand, have appeared on this earth by Your own will for the protection as well as for the growth of the world.”

‘भवत्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च and सर्वनाम-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-27 सर्वादीनि सर्वनामानि । The विवक्षा here is पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-द्विवचनम्। 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘भवत्’।

(1) भवत् + औ । “भवत्” is a डवतुँ-प्रत्ययान्त-शब्दः। Thus it ends in “अतुँ”, and it is also उगित् (since the उकार: in डवतुँ is an इत्)।

(2) भव नुँम् त् + औ । By 7-1-70 उगिदचां सर्वनामस्थानेऽधातोः, a non-verbal base with an उक् (उ, ऋ, ऌ) as a marker takes the नुँम् augment when followed by a सर्वनामस्थानम् affix.

(3) भवन्तौ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(4) भवंतौ । By 8-3-24 नश्चापदान्तस्य झलि, the नकारः (which is not at the end of the पदम्) gets अनुस्वारः as replacement since a झल् letter follows.

(5) भवन्तौ । By 8-4-58 अनुस्वारस्य ययि परसवर्णः, when a यय् letter follows, अनुस्वारः gets the सवर्णः of the यय् letter as its replacement.

Questions:

1. What would have been the final form in this example if we had started with the प्रातिपदिकम् “भवत्” which is derived from the धातु: “भू” and ends in the शतृँ-प्रत्यय:?

2. Which are the इत् letters in the डवतुँ-प्रत्यय:?

3. To which धातु: do we add the डवतुँ-प्रत्यय: to get the प्रातिपदिकम् “भवत्” used in this example?

4. Why didn’t the सूत्रम् 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः apply in this example in spite of the fact that here “भवत्” is a सर्वनाम-शब्द: that is listed after “त्यद्” in the सर्वादि-गण: (ref. 1-1-27 सर्वादीनि सर्वनामानि)?

5. Where is the सर्वनाम-शब्द: “भवत्” used in the गीता in chapter ten?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“When did you (sir) go to the temple?” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “गतवत्” to express the past tense of “go” and use the अव्ययम् “कदा” for “when.”

7. Please list the four synonyms of the word “जगत्” (प्रातिपदिकम् “जगत्” neuter, meaning “universe”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
अथो जगती लोको विष्टपं भुवनं जगत् ।।२-१-६।।
(इति पञ्च “लोकस्य” नामानि)

8. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-102 सुपि च been used in this verse?

Easy questions:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of अवतीर्णाविहांशेन and mention the relevant rules.

2. Which सूत्रम् was used to replace the ङस्-प्रत्यय: by “स्य” in the form “विश्वस्य”?