Today we will look at the form लेढि 3As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb3-25-38.

न कर्हिचिन्मत्पराः शान्तरूपे नङ्क्ष्यन्ति नो मेऽनिमिषो लेढि हेतिः ।
येषामहं प्रिय आत्मा सुतश्च सखा गुरुः सुहृदो दैवमिष्टम् ।। ३-२५-३८ ।।

Gita Press translation “They who depend on Me, nay, to whom I am the only object of love, nay, the very self, the son, the friend, the preceptor, the kith and kin and the chosen deity, are never deprived of these enjoyments in Vaikuntha (which consists of pure Sattva); nor does My weapon in the shape of Time ever devour them.”

लेढि is derived from the धातुः √लिह् (लिहँ आस्वादने, अदादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #२. ६)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

In the धातु-पाठः, the √लिह्-धातुः has one इत् letter which is the अकार: following the हकार:। This इत् letter has a स्वरित-स्वर:। Therefore, as per the सूत्रम् 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले, the √लिह्-धातुः will take आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः when the fruit of the action (क्रियाफलम्) accrues to the doer (कर्त्रभिप्रायम् = कर्तृ-अभिप्रायम्)। In the remaining case – when the fruit of the action does not accrue to the doer – by 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम् – the √लिह्-धातुः will take परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः।
In reality though, this distinction of the fruit of the action accruing to the doer or not, is rarely honored in the language. So as a practical matter, a verbal root such as “√लिह्” will take either आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः or परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः regardless of whether the fruit of the action accrues to the doer or not. In short, √लिह्-धातुः will be उभयपदी। In this verse, it has taken a परस्मैपद-प्रत्यय:।

Since the विवक्षा is प्रथम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “तिप्”।

(1) लिह् + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) लिह् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) लिह् + तिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “तिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “तिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातो:” अधिकार:।

(4) लिह् + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) लिह् + शप् + ति । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(6) लिह् + ति । By 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः, the शप्-प्रत्ययः takes the लुक् elision when following a verbal root belonging to अदादि-गणः।

(7) लेह् + ति । By 7-3-86 पुगन्‍तलघूपधस्‍य च, when a अङ्गम् is followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्ययः, then its इक्-letter takes गुण-आदेशः in the following two cases: i) The अङ्गम् ends in a पुक्-आगमः। or ii) The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् has the लघु-सञ्ज्ञा।

(8) लेढ् + ति । By 8-2-31 हो ढः, a हकारः gets ढकारः as replacement when followed by a झल् letter or at the end of a पदम्। In this case the हकार: was followed by a तकार: (which is a झल् letter.)

(9) लेढ् + धि । By 8-2-40 झषस्तथोर्धोऽधः, a तकारः or थकारः gets धकारः as the replacement, when preceded by a letter of the झष्-प्रत्याहारः with the exception of the धकारः belonging to the धातुः √धा (डुधाञ् धारणपोषणयोः | दान इत्यप्येके ३. ११)।

(10) लेढ् + ढि । By 8-4-41 ष्टुना ष्टुः, when the letter स् or a letter of the त-वर्ग: (त्, थ्, द्, ध्, न्) comes in contact with either the letter ष् or a letter of the ट-वर्ग: (ट्, ठ्, ड्, ढ्, ण्) then it is replaced respectively by ष्, ट-वर्ग: (ट्, ठ्, ड्, ढ्, ण्)।

(11) ले + ढि । By 8-3-13 ढो ढे लोपः, a ढकारः is elided if followed by a ढकारः। See question 1.

(12) लेढि ।

Questions:

1. As per 8-2-1 पूर्वत्रासिद्धम्, the ढकारादेश: done by 8-4-41 ष्टुना ष्टुः in step 10 should be असिद्ध: (as if it has not taken place) in the eyes of 8-3-13 ढो ढे लोपः। Then on what basis was 8-3-13 ढो ढे लोपः applied after 8-4-41 ष्टुना ष्टुः?

2. Can you recall another (besides 8-3-13 ढो ढे लोपः) सूत्रम् (which we have studied) by which there is लोप: of a particular letter if followed by the same letter?

3. In the nine items in the conjugation table of √लिह् (लिहँ आस्वादने, धातु-पाठः #२. ६) with लँट् in परस्मैपदम् in which form does 8-2-41 षढोः कः सि apply?

4. In the verse, can you spot a इकारान्त-प्रातिपदिकम् which does not have the घि-सञ्ज्ञा?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“How many weapons do the enemies have?” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “कति” for “how many” and a प्रातिपदिकम् from the verse for “weapon.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“There should be no error in this sentence.” Use √भू (भू सत्तायाम् १. १) for “to be” and the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “दोष” for “error.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has 7-1-52 आमि सर्वनाम्नः सुट् been used?

2. Can you spot a नकारान्त-प्रातिपदिकम् (a प्रातिपदिकम् ending in a नकार:) in the verse?