Today we will look at the form भवसि 2As-लँट् from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।

का त्वं भवसि रुद्राणां मरुतां वा वरानने ।
वसूनां वा वरारोहे देवता प्रतिभासि मे ।। ५-३३-६।।

Gita Press translation “Who are you among the (eleven) Rudras (the gods of destruction), the (forty-nine) wind-gods and the (eight) Vasus, O lady of exquisite features? (For) to me you appear to be a goddess O lady of excellent limbs!”

भवसि is derived from the धातुः √भू (भू सत्तायाम्, भ्वादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #१.१)

The विवक्षा is वर्तमान-काले, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

In the धातु-पाठः, the भू-धातुः has no इत् letters. It is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, the भू-धातुः, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, will take the परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. As per 1-4-99 लः परस्मैपदम्, 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “तिप्” to “मस्” get the परस्मैपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So भू-धातुः can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “सिप्”।

(1) भू + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) भू + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) भू + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “सिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा(s1) by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) भू + शप् + सिप् । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा(s1) by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(5) भो + शप् + सिप् । By 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः, an अङ्गम् whose final letter is an इक् gets गुण-आदेशः, when a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: follows.

(6) भो + अ + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) भवसि । “अव्”-आदेश: by 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

Questions:

1. Does the लँट्-प्रत्यय: get the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा?

2. In the third chapter of the अष्टाध्यायी, पाणिनि: runs the “धातो:” अधिकार: from two points. One is from 3-1-91 धातोः। Where is the other one?

3. Why is only a final इक् letter subject to गुणादेश: by 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः? (Why not any final अच्?)

4. What can we say about the subject (“कर्तृ”) of the verb भवसि?
a) The subject has to be भवान्/भवती।
b) The subject has to be त्वम्।
c) The subject has to be either त्वम् or भवान्/भवती।
d) There are many possibilities for the subject, besides त्वम् and भवान्/भवती।

5. What would have been the final form in this example if the विवक्षा had been उत्तमपुरुष-एकवचनम्? (Use 7-3-101 अतो दीर्घो यञि)।

6. Can you spot a term from the चादि-गण: (ref. 1-4-57 चादयोऽसत्त्वे) in the verse?

7. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Many tigers roam in this forest.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “शार्दूल” for tiger and use the धातु: “अट्” (from the भ्वादि-गण:) for “roam.” It is listed in the धातुपाठ: as “अटँ गतौ” १.३३२

8. Please list the three synonyms for “वरारोहा” (प्रातिपदिकम् “वरारोहा” – this is a बहुव्रीहि-समास: – an adjective used here in the feminine – meaning is “an elegant or beautiful woman”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
वरारोहा मत्तकाशिन्युत्तमा वरवर्णिनी ।।२-६-४।।
(इति चत्वारि “अत्यन्तोत्कृष्टस्त्रिया:” नामानि)।

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-3 नामि been used in the verse?

2. Derive the form “का” (स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्) from the सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम् “किम्”।