Today we will look at the form सहस्रकृत्वः-ind. from श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता Bg11-39.

वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च ।
नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते ।। ११-३९ ।।

Gita Press translation “You are Vāyu (the wind-god), Yama (the god of death), Agni (the god of fire), Varuṇa (the god of water), the moon-god, Brahmā (the Lord of creation), nay, the father of Brahmā himself. Hail, hail to You a thousand times; salutations, repeated salutations to You once again.”

“सहस्रकृत्वस्” is formed from adding कृत्वसुँच्-प्रत्ययः to the संख्या-वाचक-शब्दः “सहस्र”, using the सूत्रम् 5-4-17 संख्यायाः क्रियाऽभ्यावृत्तिगणने कृत्वसुच्।

‘सहस्रकृत्वस्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा… mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘सहस्रकृत्वस्’।
By 1-1-38 तद्धितश्चासर्वविभक्तिः, the words ending in a तद्धित-प्रत्यय:, after which it is not possible to introduce all of the सुँप्-affixes, are also designated as indeclinables. Since ‘सहस्रकृत्वस्’ is an अव्ययम्, it will only take the default सुँ-प्रत्यय:।

(1) सहस्रकृत्वस् + सुँ ।

(2) सहस्रकृत्वस् । By 2-4-82 अव्ययादाप्सुपः, the feminine affix आप् and सुँप् affixes that are prescribed after an अव्ययम् take the लुक् elision. “सहस्रकृत्वस्” gets पद-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम्, 1-4-14 सुप्तिङन्तं पदम्।

(3) सहस्रकृत्व: । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ – 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. Why does the कृत्वसुँच्-प्रत्ययः only apply to numbers from “पञ्चन्” (five) onwards?

2. Why doesn’t the गकार: in the word अग्नि: becomes an अनुनासिक: (ङकार:) by 8-4-45 यरोऽनुनासिकेऽनुनासिको वा? (Which condition is not satisfied?)

3. In commenting on the सूत्रम् 1-1-38 तद्धितश्चासर्वविभक्तिः, the तत्त्वबोधिनी says “तद्धितः किम्? एकः। द्वौ। त्रयः।” Please explain.

4. Which one of the following does not come under the domain of 1-1-38 तद्धितश्चासर्वविभक्तिः?
a) अत:
b) यत्र
c) पुन:
d) तदा

5. From which सूत्रम् up to which सूत्रम् does पाणिनि: run the “तद्धिताः” अधिकार: in the अष्टाध्यायी? The “तद्धिताः” अधिकार: is contained within which अधिकार:?

6. By which सूत्रम् does “नमस्” get the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा?

7. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Salutations to the God, by whom this universe was created.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “निर्मित” for “was created.”

8. Please list the four synonyms of the word “वरुण:” (प्रातिपदिकम् “वरुण” masculine, meaning “presiding deity of the ocean and the western quarter”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
प्रचेता वरुणः पाशी यादसांपतिरप्पतिः ।।१-१-६१।।
(इति पञ्च “वरुणस्य” नामानि)

Easy questions:

1. Which terms used in the verse have the घि-सञ्ज्ञा? (Ref. 1-4-7 शेषो घ्यसखि)।

2. Please do पदच्छेद: of वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः and mention the relevant rules.