Today we will look at the form शृणु 2As-लोँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 11-7-32.

ब्राह्मण उवाच
सन्ति मे गुरवो राजन्बहवो बुद्ध्युपाश्रिताः ।
यतो बुद्धिमुपादाय मुक्तोऽटामीह ताञ्छृणु ।। ११-७-३२ ।।

Gita Press translation “The Brāhmaṇa said: Many are my preceptors, O king, selected by my keen sense, acquiring wisdom from whom I wander in the world free (from all turmoil and worry). Please hear about them.”

शृणु is derived from the धातुः √श्रु (भ्वादि-गणः, श्रु श्रवणे, धातु-पाठः #१. १०९२)

The विवक्षा is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

In the धातु-पाठः, the √श्रु-धातुः has no इत् letters. It is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, the √श्रु-धातुः, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, will take the परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. As per 1-4-99 लः परस्मैपदम्, 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “तिप्” to “मस्” get the परस्मैपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √श्रु-धातुः can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “सिप्”।

(1) श्रु + लोँट् । By 3-3-162 लोट् च, the affix लोँट् follows a धातुः when used in the sense of command/request.

(2) श्रु + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) श्रु + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “सिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) श्रु + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) श्रु + हि । By 3-4-87 सेर्ह्यपिच्च, “सि” of लोँट् is substituted by “हि” and it is an अपित्।

(6) शृ + श्नु + हि । By 3-1-74 श्रुवः शृ च , the श्नु-प्रत्ययः is placed after the verbal root √श्रु (श्रु श्रवणे १. १०९२), when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. Simultaneously, “श्रु” takes the substitution “शृ”। The श्नु-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(7) शृ + नु + हि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः ।
Note: The प्रत्यय: “नु” as well as “हि” are ङिद्वत् by 1-2-4 सार्वधातुकमपित्। Therefore 1-1-5 ग्क्ङिति च prevents 7-3-84 from performing the गुण: substitution for the ऋकार: of “शृ” as well as the उकार: of “नु”।

(8) शृनु । By 6-4-106 उतश्च प्रत्ययादसंयोगपूर्वात्‌, The हि-प्रत्ययः (of लोँट्) is elided if it follows a उकारः of an affix and the उकार: is not preceded by a conjunct consonant.

(9) शृणु । By वार्त्तिकम् (under 8-4-1) – ऋवर्णान्नस्य णत्वं वाच्यम् – णकारः shall be ordained in the place of the नकारः after the vowel ऋ also (along-side the रेफः and षकारः)।

Questions:

1. In which chapter of the गीता is शृणु used in the first verse?

2. Where is the सूत्रम् 8-2-8 न ङिसम्बुद्ध्योः used in the verse?

3. Which words in the verse have अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-38 तद्धितश्चासर्वविभक्तिः?

4. As we have seen in previous examples, the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: is used when we have the same doer doing two actions. The verbal root in the earlier action takes the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय:| (The सूत्रम् is 3-4-21 समानकर्तृकयोः पूर्वकाले । If there is a compound formation then the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: is replaced by ल्यप् as per 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्)। In this verse the word “उपादाय” ends in ल्यप्-प्रत्यय:। Who is the common doer(s) and what is his/her later action?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I have heard this story often.” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “कथा” for “story” and the अव्ययम् “असकृत्” for “often (literally “not once.”)”

Advanced question:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of ताञ्छृणु and mention the relevant rules. (You will need to use the सूत्रम् 8-3-31 शि तुक् which we have not studied in the class, but we have used it in a prior post.)

Easy questions:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of मुक्तोऽटामीह।

2. Where is 6-1-103 तस्माच्छसो नः पुंसि used in the verse?