Today we will look at the form आगामिनि mLs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.50.44.

अक्षिण्वंस्तद्बलं सर्वं वृष्णयः कृष्णतेजसा । हतेषु स्वेष्वनीकेषु त्यक्तोऽगादरिभिर्नृपः ।। १०-५०-४३ ।।
अष्टादशमसङ्ग्राम आगामिनि तदन्तरा । नारदप्रेषितो वीरो यवनः प्रत्यदृश्यत ।। १०-५०-४४ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
अक्षिण्वन् क्षयं निन्युः ।। ४३ ।। अष्टादशमेऽष्टादशे संग्रामे भाव्ये तन्मध्येऽकस्मात्कालयवनः प्राप्तः ।। ४४ ।।

Gita Press translation – Endowed (however) with the (inexhaustible and equalled) might of Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Vṛṣṇis annihilated his entire force. Let off by the Yadus (his enemies) on his troops having been killed, the monarch withdrew (to his capital) (43). While the eighteenth encounter was yet to come, Kālayavana (Yavana hero), despatched by the sage Nārada, appeared (on the scene) during the interval (44).

आगमिष्यतीत्यागामी (आगमिष्यति इति आगामी)।

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आगामिन्’ is derived from the verbal root √गम् (गमॢँ गतौ १. ११३७) along with the उपसर्गः ‘आङ्’। The ending ऌकार: of ‘गमॢँ’ gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and takes लोपः by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(1) आङ् गम् + इनिँ । By the उणादि-सूत्रम् 4-7 आङि णित् – The affix ‘इनिँ’ comes after the verbal root √गम् (गमॢँ गतौ १. ११३७) when preceded by the उपसर्गः ‘आङ्’ and is treated as ‘णित्’ (having णकार: as a इत्)। By 3-3-3 भविष्यति गम्यादयः – (The affixes उण् etc used in the derivation of a few) words such as गमी etc are used to denote an action in the future tense. Note: The अनुवृत्ति: of ‘वर्तमाने’ runs from 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट् down to 3-3-1 उणादयो बहुलम्। Hence as per 3-3-1 उणादयो बहुलम् the affixes उण् etc may be used variously to denote an action in the present tense. Now by the सूत्रम् 3-3-3 भविष्यति गम्यादयः they may be seen to be used only occasionally (as in the case of the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आगामिन्’) to denote an action in the future tense.

(2) आ गम् + इन् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) आ गाम् + इन् । By 7-2-116 अत उपधायाः – A penultimate (उपधा) अकार: of a अङ्गम् gets वृद्धिः as the substitute when followed by a प्रत्ययः which is a ञित् or a णित्।

‘आगामिन्’ gets the प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-एकवचनम्।

(4) आगामिन् + ङि । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(5) आगामिनि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Questions:

1. Where has the verbal root √गम् (गमॢँ गतौ १. ११३७) been used along with the उपसर्गः ‘आङ्’ in Chapter Fourteen of the गीता?

2. From which verbal root is अगात् derived?

3. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the यणादेश: in the form निन्युः (used in the commentary)?

4. Can you spot the affix ‘क’ in the verses?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“In the coming year I want to go to India.” Use a सन्नन्त-प्रयोग: for “want to go.”

Advanced question:

1. Can you try to find the सूत्रम् (which we have not yet studied) which prescribes the affix ण्यत् in the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘भाव्य’ (used in the form भाव्ये in the commentary)? Hint: We have studied the सूत्रम् 3-1-124 ऋहलोर्ण्यत्‌ which prescribes the affix ण्यत्। The अनुवृत्ति: of ण्यत् goes from 3-1-124 down to 3-1-131.

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot the affix ‘यक्’ in the verses?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-1-73 स्वादिभ्यः श्नुः been used in the verses?