Today we will look at the form गिरिम् mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.7.9.

विलोक्य विघ्नेशविधिं तदेश्वरो दुरन्तवीर्योऽवितथाभिसन्धिः । कृत्वा वपुः काच्छपमद्भुतं महत्प्रविश्य तोयं गिरिमुज्जहार ।। ८-७-८ ।।
तमुत्थितं वीक्ष्य कुलाचलं पुनः समुद्यता निर्मथितुं सुरासुराः । दधार पृष्ठेन स लक्षयोजनप्रस्तारिणा द्वीप इवापरो महान् ।। ८-७-९ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
विघ्नेशस्य विधिं तेन रचितं विघ्नम् । अवितथः सत्योऽभिसंधिः संकल्पो यस्य ।। ८ ।। लक्षयोजनः प्रस्तारो विस्तारोऽस्यास्तीति तथा तेन पृष्ठेन ।। ९ ।।

Gita Press translation – Perceiving (behind this setback) the hand of Vighneśa (the god ruling over the agencies that interrupt ambitious undertakings), and assuming the wonderful and gigantic form of a tortoise, the Lord of unlimited prowess and unfailing resolve then plunged into the water (of the ocean) and bore up the mountain (8). On seeing the great mountain rising, the gods and the demons girded their loins once more to proceed with the churning. Like another great division of the globe, the Lord (in the form of a tortoise) bore the mountain on His back, which was one lakh Yojanas or 800,000 miles in extent (9).

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘गिरि’ is derived from the verbal root √गॄ (गॄ निगरणे ६. १४६).

(1) गॄ + इ । By the उणादि-सूत्रम् 4-142 कॄगॄशॄपॄकुटिभिदिछिदिभ्यश्च – The affix ‘इ’ is prescribed after the following verbal roots and is treated as a कित् (as having ककार: as a इत्) –
(i) √कॄ (कॄ विक्षेपे ६. १४५)
(ii) √गॄ (गॄ निगरणे ६. १४६)
(iii) √शॄ (शॄ हिंसायाम् ९. २१)
(iv) √पॄ (पॄ पालनपूरणयोः ३. ४)
(v) √कुट् (कुटँ कौटिल्ये ६. ९३)
(vi) √भिद् (भिदिँर् विदारणे ७. २)
(v) √छिद् (छिदिँर् द्वैधीकरणे ७. ३)
Note: By the सूत्रम् 3-4-75 ताभ्यामन्यत्रोणादयः – The affixes उण् etc may be used to denote a sense other than the dative or the ablative. Here the affix ‘इ’ is used कर्तरि – to denote the agent of the action. गिरतीति (गिरति इति) गिरिः।

Note: As per the उणादि-सूत्रम् 4-142 कॄगॄशॄपॄकुटिभिदिछिदिभ्यश्च, the affix ‘इ’ is treated as a कित् here. Therefore, 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च stops 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः।

(2) गिर् + इ । By 7-1-100 ॠत इद्धातोः – The ending ॠकारः of a verbal root that has the अङ्ग-सञ्ज्ञा is substituted by इकारः। By 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः, in the place of ऋवर्ण: if an अण् letter (“अ”, “इ”, “उ”) comes as a substitute, it is always followed by a “रँ” (“र्”, “ल्”) letter.

= गिरि ।

‘गिरि’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

‘गिरि’ is a पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम्। The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(3) गिरि + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending मकारः of “अम्” from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(4) गिरिम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix “अम्” there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-1-100 ॠत इद्धातोः (used in step 2) been used in Chapter Three of the गीता?

2. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verses is derived by using the सूत्रम् 3-2-175 स्थेशभासपिसकसो वरच्?

3. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Śrī Kṛṣṇa bore up the huge mountain with his (own) little finger.” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘कनिष्ठा’ for ‘little finger.’ Use the pronoun ‘स्व’ (feminine ‘स्वा’) for ‘own.’ Use a प्रातिपदिकम् from the verses for ‘huge.’

4. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“There is not a single mountain close to the place where I live.”

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“This mountain is frequented by many lions and other ferocious beasts.” Use the सूत्रम् 3-2-167 नमिकम्पिस्म्यजसकमहिंसदीपो रः to form a प्रातिपदिकम् for ‘ferocious.’ Use (a passive form of) the verbal root √सेव् (षेवृँ सेवने १. ५७४) for ‘to frequent.’

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“The lofty peaks of the Himālaya mountain scrape the sky.” Use the verbal root √लिख् (लिखँ अक्षरविन्यासे ६. ९२) with the उपसर्ग: ‘उद्’ for ‘to scrape.’ Add the affix ‘क्त’ to the verbal root √नम् (णमँ प्रह्वत्वे शब्दे च १. ११३६) with the उपसर्ग: ‘उद्’ to create a प्रातिपदिकम् for ‘lofty.’

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the उपधा-दीर्घ: (elongation of the penultimate letter) in the from महान् (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘महत्’, पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्)?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः been used in the commentary?