Today we will look at the form इमानि-nAp from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।

इमानि तु महारण्ये विहृत्य नव पञ्च च |
वर्षाणि परमप्रीत्या स्थास्यामि वचने तव || २-२४-१७ ||

Gita Press translation “Having sported in some great forest during the ensuing nine years and five with supreme delight, I shall (then) continue to be at your beck and call.”

‘इदम्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम् and सर्वनाम-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-27 सर्वादीनि सर्वनामानि । The विवक्षा here is नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-बहुवचनम् । 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा… mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘इदम्’ ।

(1) इदम् + शस् ।

(2) इदम् + शि । By 7-1-20 जश्शसोः शिः, the affixes जस् and शस् get शि as the replacement when they follow a neuter अङ्गम्। By 1-1-42 शि सर्वनामस्थानम्, the affix शि gets the designation सर्वनामस्थानम्।

(3) इद अ + शि । By 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः, the ending letter (see 1-1-52) of the pronouns, starting with “त्यद्” and ending with “द्वि”, is replaced by अ when followed by a विभक्ति: affix.

(4) इद + शि । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे , the अकारः at the end of ‘इद’ and the following अकारादेशः is replaced by अकारः (पररूपम्) as एकादेशः ।

(5) इम + शि। By 7-2-109 दश्च, the दकारः of इदम् gets मकारः as a replacement when a विभक्तिः affix follows.

(6) इमनुँम् + शि । By 7-1-72 नपुंसकस्य झलचः, when a सर्वनामस्थानम् affix follows, the neuter bases that end in a झल् letter or an अच् (vowel) get the नुँम् augment. As per 1-1-47 मिदचोऽन्त्यात्परः, an augment with मकारः as the इत् letter attaches itself after last vowel of the term to which it is prescribed.

(7) इमन् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(8) इमानि । By 6-4-8 सर्वनामस्थाने चासम्बुद्धौ, the penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् (base) ending in a नकार: gets elongated if it is followed by a non-vocative affix having the designation सर्वनामस्थानम्।

Questions:

1. As we have seen in previous examples, the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: is used when we have the same doer doing two actions. The verbal root in the earlier action takes the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय:| (The सूत्रम् is 3-4-21 समानकर्तृकयोः पूर्वकाले । If there is a compound formation then the क्त्वा-प्रत्यय: is replaced by ल्यप् as per 7-1-37 समासेऽनञ्पूर्वे क्त्वो ल्यप्)। In this verse the word “विहृत्य” ends in ल्यप्-प्रत्यय:। (A तुँक्-आगम: has also come in there by 6-1-71 ह्रस्वस्य पिति कृति तुक्)। Who is the समानकर्ता and which is his/her later action?

2. What would have been the final form in this example, if the usage had been अन्वादेशे (as a second reference to something which has been referred to before)?

3. Where has the टा-प्रत्यय: been used?

4. Can you spot a नकारान्त-प्रातिपदिकम् (a प्रातिपदिकम् ending in a नकार:) used in the verse?

5. By which सूत्रम् does “शि” get the विभक्ति-सञ्ज्ञा (required to apply 7-2-102 and 7-2-109)?

6. The इदम्-प्रातिपदिकम् has been used as the first word of which chapter of the गीता?

7. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“I shall stay for five years in school, within the command of my teacher.” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “पाठशाला” for “school.”

8. Please state the one synonym for the word महारण्यम् (प्रातिपदिकम् “महारण्य” neuter (compound), meaning “great forest”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
महारण्यमरण्यानी।।२-४-१।।
(इति द्वे “महतो वनस्य” नामनी)

Easy questions:

1. Derive the form “वर्षाणि” (प्रथमा/द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्) from the प्रातिपदिकम् “वर्ष” (declined like ज्ञान/वन-शब्द:)। (The steps required are present in the example above. Use 8-4-2 अट्कुप्वाङ्नुम्व्यवायेऽपि as the last step.)

2. Can you spot a सप्तमी-एकवचनम् form in the verse?