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Daily Archives: March 3, 2011

अद्भिः fIp

Today we will look at the form अद्भिः from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।

अद्भिरेव तु सौमित्रे वत्स्याम्यद्य निशामिमाम् |
एतद्धि रोचते मह्यं वन्येऽपि विविधे सति || २-४६-१० ||

Gita Press translation “I shall certainly live on water alone tonight, O son of Sumitrā! Although there are various kinds of wild fruits and roots, this alone pleases me.”

The स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अप्’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्। This is a नित्यं बहुवचनान्त-शब्द:। The विवक्षा here is तृतीया-बहुवचनम्4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा… mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अप्’

(1) अप् + भिस् । The अङ्गम् has पद-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-17 स्वादिष्वसर्वनामस्थाने1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending सकारः of भिस् from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(2) अत् + भिस् । By 7-4-48 अपो भि, there is a substitution of the तकार: in place of the (ending letter) of “अप्” since भिस् (a प्रत्यय: beginning with a भकार:) follows.

(3) अद् + भिस् । By 8-2-39 झलां जशोऽन्ते, a झल् letter occurring at the end of a पदम् is replaced by a जश् letter.

(4) अद्भिः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः

Questions:

1. Where has the अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिकम् been used? Was an alternate form possible?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-108 ह्रस्वस्य गुणः been used?

3. In which verse of Chapter 7 of the गीता is the प्रातिपदिकम् “अप्” used?

4. Besides 7-4-48 अपो भि, we have studied another सूत्रम् wherein पाणिनि: specifically mentions the प्रातिपदिकम् “अप्”। Which सूत्रम् is it?

5. Why didn’t this सूत्रम् (answer to question 4) apply in this example?

6. Which सूत्रम् was used to replace the दकार: of “इदम्” by a मकार: in the form “इमाम्”?

7. Please give the eleven synonyms for the word “निशा” (प्रातिपदिकम् “निशा” feminine, meaning “night”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
अथ शर्वरी ।।१-४-३।।
निशा निशीथिनी रात्रिस्त्रियामा क्षणदा क्षपा ।
विभावरीतमस्विन्यौ रजनी यामिनी तमी ।।१-४-४।।
(इति द्वादश “रात्रे:” नामानि)

8. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I will stay for one week in Mumbai.” Use a verb from the verse and use the प्रातिपदिकम् “मुम्बा-नगरी” for “Mumbai.”
Note: When an action is done for a continuous period of time (or distance) then the द्वितीया विभक्ति: should be used in the word which expresses the time/distance. (Ref. 2-3-5 कालाध्वनोरत्यन्तसंयोगे।) Please use the द्वितीया विभक्ति: for “one week.”

Easy questions:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of एतद्धि and mention the relevant rules.

2. Which सूत्रम् was used in the following?
निशा + अम् = निशाम् (द्वितीया-एकवचनम्)।
(Answer is not 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः।)

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