Today we will look at the form ब्रह्मन् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् SB 1-19-32

परीक्षिदुवाच।
अहो अद्य वयं ब्रह्मन्सत्सेव्याः क्षत्रबन्धवः ।
कृपयातिथिरूपेण भवद्भिस्तीर्थकाः कृताः ।। १-१९-३२ ।।

Gita Press translation “Oh, how blessed are we today, O holy sage, in that we, vile Kṣatriyas, have been considered worthy of a visit by saints and have been so graciously consecrated by you by calling on us as our guest.”

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘ब्रह्मन्’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्। The विवक्षा here is पुंलिङ्गे सम्बुद्धिः । 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा… mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘ब्रह्मन्’ ।

(1) (हे) ब्रह्मन् + सुँ (सम्बुद्धिः) ।

(2) (हे) ब्रह्मन् + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। The सकार: which is an एकाल् (single letter) प्रत्यय: gets the अपृक्त-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-41 अपृक्त एकाल् प्रत्ययः।

(3) (हे) ब्रह्मन् । सकार-लोप: by 6-1-68 हल्ङ्याब्भ्यो दीर्घात्‌ सुतिस्यपृक्तं हल्।

(4) (हे) ब्रह्मन् । By 8-2-8 न ङिसम्बुद्ध्योः, the नकारः does not take लोपः, when ङि or the सम्बुद्धिः affix follows. 8-2-8 stops 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य।

Questions:

1. Would the final form in this example be the same if the प्रातिपदिकम् “ब्रह्मन्” were to be used in the neuter gender?

2. Why was no सन्धि-कार्यम् done between अहो अद्य? (Why was 6-1-109 एङः पदान्तादति not applied?)

3. Where has the अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिकम् been used in this verse?

4. Which other सर्वनाम-शब्द: (besides “अस्मद्”) has been used?

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-109 जसि च been used?

6. In most places the प्रातिपदिकम् “ब्रह्मन्” is used in the गीता in the neuter gender. Can you spot a place in the 11th Chapter where it is used in the masculine?

7. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“From where can there be happiness for one who is not at peace.” Take the answer directly from Chapter 2 of the गीता।

Along the same lines, construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“From where can there be knowledge of the वेद: for one who has not studied grammar?” Paraphrase the second part to “for one by whom grammar has not been studied.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “अधीत” for “has been studied.”

8. Please list the two synonyms for the word “अतिथि:” (प्रातिपदिकम् “अतिथि” masculine, meaning “guest”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
स्युरावेशिक आगन्तुरतिथिर्ना गृहागते ।।२-७-३४।।
(इति त्रीणि “गृहागतस्य” नामानि)

Easy questions:

1. Derive the form “कृपया” (तृतीया-एवचनम्) from the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “कृपा” (declined like रमा/लता-शब्द:)। (Use 7-3-105 आङि चापः।)

2. Can you spot another तृतीया-एकवचनम् form (besides “कृपया”) in the verse?