Today we will look at the form आशिषः from श्रीमद्भागवतम् SB 4-19-41

विप्राः सत्याशिषस्तुष्टाः श्रद्धया लब्धदक्षिणाः
आशिषो युयुजुः क्षत्तरादिराजाय सत्कृताः ।। ४-१९-४१ ।।

Gita Press translation “The Brāhmaṇas, whose blessings (always) came true and who had received their sacrificial fees and had been (duly) honored with reverence, pronounced their blessings on king Pṛthu (the constitutional monarch), O Vidura, (highly) gratified.”

The feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “आशिस्” is formed using the क्विप्-प्रत्यय: with the धातु: “शास्” along with the उपसर्गः “आङ्”। By the वार्त्तिकम् (under 6-4-34) “आशासः क्वावुपसङ्ख्यानम्” the penultimate आकार: of the धातु: “शास्” takes the इकारादेश: giving the form “आशिस्”। The entire क्विप्-प्रत्ययः takes सर्वापहार-लोपः। The ककार: and पकार: are removed using 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् along with 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। The इकारः in the क्विप्-प्रत्यय: is उच्चारणार्थः। The single letter वकार: that remains gets अपृक्त-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-41 अपृक्त एकाल् प्रत्ययः। By 6-1-67 वेरपृक्तस्य, this वकार: which is अपृक्तः takes लोपः।

The क्विप्-प्रत्यय: has the कृत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-93 कृदतिङ् । By 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम्, even though the क्विप्-प्रत्ययः has taken लोपः, “आशिस्” gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च and hence it will take the affixes सुँ, औ, जस् etc. mandated by 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा…। The विवक्षा here is द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्।

(1) आशिस् + शस् ।

(2) आशिस् + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending सकारः of शस् from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा। See question 1.

(3) आशिस: । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

(4) आशिष: । By 8-3-60 शासिवसिघसीनां च, since the  ending सकार: of “आशिस्” belongs to the धातु: “शास्” it gets षकारादेशः as it is preceded by an इण् letter (इकार:)।

Questions:

1. In this example, the अङ्गम् “आशिस्” has:
a) पद-सञ्ज्ञा
b) भ-सञ्ज्ञा
c) Neither पद-सञ्ज्ञा nor भ-सञ्ज्ञा
d) Both पद-सञ्ज्ञा and भ-सञ्ज्ञा

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-110 ऋतो ङिसर्वनामस्थानयोः been used?

3. In which of the (7 X 3 =) 21 forms in the declension table of the प्रातिपदिकम् “आशिस्” is there an optionality? (Two forms are possible in that विभक्ति:/वचनम्)।

4. The सूत्रम् 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः is used in the सूत्रम् 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः itself. How is that?

5. Can you recall another प्रत्यय: (besides the वकार: in “क्विप्”) which gets the अपृक्त-सञ्ज्ञा?

6. Match the columns:
a) विप्राः
b) श्रद्धया
c) तुष्टाः
d) सत्कृताः

i. gratified
ii. honored
iii. with reverence
iv. The Brāhmaṇas

7. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Lanka, which had already been burnt by Sita’s grief, was again burnt by Sri Hanuman with his burning tail”
Use the शतृँ-प्रत्ययान्त-प्रातिपदिकम् “ज्वलत्” for “burning”, use the masculine/neuter प्रातिपदिकम् “पुच्छ” for “tail”, use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “दग्ध” for “burnt”, use “प्रथमम्” as an adverb meaning “already” and use the अव्ययम् “पुनर्” for “again.”

8. Please list the three synonyms of सत्यम् (प्रातिपदिकम् “सत्य” neuter, meaning “truth”) as given in the अमरकोश:। (We’ve already seen these before. Search this web site for “सत्य”)।

Easy questions:

1. Derive the form “श्रद्धया” (तृतीया-एकवचनम्) from the प्रातिपदिकम् “श्रद्धा” (declined like रमा/लता-शब्द:)। (Use 7-3-105 आङि चापः)।

2. Please do पदच्छेद: of आशिषो युयुजुः and mention the relevant rules.