Today we will look at the form इयम् from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।

इयं हैमवती गङ्गा ज्येष्ठा हिमवतः सुता |
तां वै धारयितुं राजन्हरस्तत्र नियुज्यताम् ||१-४२-२३||

Gita Press translation “Here is the river Gaṇgā, the elder daughter of Himavān (the deity presiding over the Himālayas), which emanates from the Himālayas. Let Lord Śiva alone be invoked to support the Gaṇgā when it descends on earth, O king!”

‘इदम्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम् and सर्वनाम-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-27 सर्वादीनि सर्वनामानि । The विवक्षा here is स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् । 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा… mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘इदम्’ ।

(1) इदम् + सुँ ।

(2) इद म् + सुँ । By 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः the ending मकार: of “इदम्” would have been replaced by an अकारः। But (when the सुँ-प्रत्यय: follows) 7-2-108 इदमो मः ordains a मकारः in the place of मकारः to stop 7-2-102.

(3) इय् अ म् + सुँ । By 7-2-110 यः सौ, there is a substitution of the यकार: in place of the दकार: of “इदम्” when the सुँ-प्रत्यय: follows.

(4) इयम् + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) इयम् । सकार-लोपः by 6-1-68 हल्ङ्याब्भ्यो दीर्घात्‌ सुतिस्यपृक्तं हल्।

Questions:

1. True or false?
7-2-110 यः सौ applies only in the feminine.

2. In step 2, मकार: is replaced by a मकार:। This is done in order to stop 7-2-102 which would have otherwise applied. Can you recall two other rules, where पाणिनि: does an आदेश: which is identical to the स्थानी (the term being replaced)?

3. Can you spot a word ending in the षष्ठी विभक्ति: in the verse?

4. Why didn’t the ending नकार: of (हे) राजन् drop by 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य?

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः been used?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Let an expert alone be engaged in this difficult job.” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “निष्णात” for “expert”, use the अव्ययम् “एव” for “alone”, use the adjective “दुष्कर” for “difficult.” Take the (passive) verb from the verse.

7. Please list the seven synonyms for the word “गङ्गा” (प्रातिपदिकम् “गङ्गा” feminine, meaning “river Ganges”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
गङ्गा विष्णुपदी जह्नुतनया सुरनिम्नगा ।
भागीरथी त्रिपथगा त्रिस्रोता भीष्मसूरपि ।।१-१०-३१।।
(इति अष्टौ “भागीरथ्या:” नामानि)

8. Does “गङ्गा” have the नदी-सञ्ज्ञा?

Easy questions:

1. Derive the form “गङ्गा” (प्रथमा-एकवचनम्) from the प्रातिपदिकम् “गङ्गा”।

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-3-34 विसर्जनीयस्य सः been used?