Today we will look at the form उशना from श्रीमद्भागवतम् SB 8-11-47

तत्राविनष्टावयवान्विद्यमानशिरोधरान् ।
उशना जीवयामास संजीवन्या स्वविद्यया ।। ८-११-४७ ।।

Gita Press translation “There Uśanā (Śukrācārya, the preceptor of the demons) restored to life, by his (secret) science of reviving the dead, those whose limbs were intact and whose neck was (still) whole.”

‘उशनस्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्। The विवक्षा here is प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(1) उशनस् + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। The प्रत्यय: “सुँ” has the सर्वनामस्थान-सञ्ज्ञा here by 1-1-43 सुडनपुंसकस्य – The five affixes ‘सुँ’, ‘औ’, ‘जस्’, ‘अम्’ and ‘औट्’ get the designation सर्वनामस्थानम् but not if the base is neuter. This allows 6-4-8 to apply in step 5.

(2) उशन अनँङ् + सुँ । By 7-1-94 ऋदुशनस्पुरुदंसोऽनेहसां च – “ऋत्” (short “ऋ”) ending terms, as well as the terms “उशनस्”, “पुरुदंसस्” and “अनेहस्” get the “अनँङ्” replacement when the “सुँ” suffix, that is not सम्बुद्धिः, follows. As per 1-1-53 ङिच्च only the ending सकार: gets replaced.

(3) उशन अन् + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(4) उशनन् + स् । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे, the अकारः at the end of ‘उशन’ and the following अकारः of ‘अन्’ is replaced by अकारः (पररूपम्) as एकादेशः ।

(5) उशनान् + स् । By 6-4-8 सर्वनामस्थाने चासम्बुद्धौ – The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् (base) ending in a नकार: gets elongated if it is followed by a non-vocative affix having the designation सर्वनामस्थानम्।

(6) उशनान् । By 6-1-68 हल्ङ्याब्भ्यो दीर्घात्‌ सुतिस्यपृक्तं हल् – A single letter affix “सुँ”, “ति” or “सि” is dropped following a base ending in a consonant or in the long feminine affix “ङी” or “आप्”। Now ‘उशनान्’ gets the पद-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-4-14 सुप्तिङन्तं पदम् with the help of 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम्।

(7) उशना । By 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य – The ending नकार: of a पदम् is dropped when the पदम् also has the designation प्रातिपदिकम्।

Questions:

1. Where is the प्रातिपदिकम् “उशनस्” used in the गीता (Chapter 10)?

2. In the absence of the special mention of “उशनस्” in 7-1-94 ऋदुशनस्पुरुदंसोऽनेहसां च what would have been the final (undesired) form in this example?

3. What would have been the final form(s) in this example if the सुँ-प्रत्यय: had the सम्बुद्धि-सञ्ज्ञा?

4. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verse has the नदी-सञ्ज्ञा?

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-105 आङि चापः been used?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Another name for Śukrācārya (is) “उशना”” Use इति for end-quote and use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “अन्य” for another.

7. Please list the five synonyms for the word “उशना” (प्रातिपदिकम् “उशनस्” masculine, meaning “Śukrācārya, the preceptor of the demons”) as given in the अमरकोश:।
शुक्रो दैत्यगुरुः काव्य उशना भार्गवः कविः ।।१-३-२५।।
(इति षट् “शुक्रस्य” नामानि)

8. Can you recall a special इकारान्त-प्रातिपदिकम् that also takes the अनँङ्-आदेश: when the सुँ-प्रत्यय: (which does not have the सम्बुद्धि-सञ्ज्ञा) follows?

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot where the सूत्रम् 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः has been used?

2. Derive the form विद्यमानशिरोधरान् (द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्) from the प्रातिपदिकम् “विद्यमानशिरोधर” (declined like राम-शब्द:)।