Today we will look at the form अजानन्तम् mAs from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् ।

आर्ये कस्मादजानन्तं गर्हसे मामकल्मषम् |
विपुलां च मम प्रीतिं स्थितां जानासि राघवे ||२-७५-२०||

Gita Press translation – Wherefore do you reproach me, O noble lady, guileless as I am and did not know anything (about Śrī Rāma’s exile before I returned to Ayodhyā)? Nay, you know my great love borne towards Śrī Rāma (a scion of Raghu).

‘अजानत्’ ends in the affix ‘शतृँ’। It is a compound form having ‘जानत्’ as its second member. ‘जानत्’ is derived from the धातु: ‘ज्ञा’ using the affix ‘शतृँ’।

‘अजानत्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। The विवक्षा here is पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(1) अजानत् + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। ‘अजानत्’ is a उगित् (since the letter ‘ऋ’ in ‘शतृँ’ is an इत्)। Note: The affix ‘अम्’ has the सर्वनामस्थान-सञ्ज्ञा here as per 1-1-43 सुडनपुंसकस्य – The five affixes ‘सुँ’, ‘औ’, ‘जस्’, ‘अम्’ and ‘औट्’ get the designation सर्वनामस्थानम् but not if the base is neuter.

(2) अजान नुँम् त् + अम् । By 7-1-70 उगिदचां सर्वनामस्थानेऽधातोः – A non-verbal base with a उक् (‘उ’, ‘ऋ’, ‘ऌ’) letter as a marker and the verbal base ‘अञ्चुँ’ whose letter ‘न्’ has taken elision takes the augment नुँम् when followed by a सर्वनामस्थानम् affix. By 1-1-47 मिदचोऽन्त्यात्परः, the नुँम् augment is placed after the last अच् (the letter ‘अ’ after the letter ‘न्’) in ‘अजानत्’।

(3) अजान न् त् + अम् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of अम् from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा ।

(4) अजानंतम् । By 8-3-24 नश्चापदान्तस्य झलि ।

(5) अजानन्तम् । By 8-4-58 अनुस्वारस्य ययि परसवर्णः।

Questions:

1. The प्रातिपदिकम् “अजानत्” is used a few times in the गीता। Can you try to find them?

2. Which प्रातिपदिकम् used in the verse has the घि-सञ्ज्ञा?

3. Which सूत्रम् was used to replace “किम्” by “क” in the form “कस्मात्”?

4. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Why do you not know my sister’s name?” Use a verb from the verse and also use a word for “why” from the verse.

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-106 सम्बुद्धौ च been used?

6. The अमरकोश: gives eleven synonyms for the word “पापम्” (प्रातिपदिकम् “पाप” neuter, meaning “sin/evil”). One of them is कल्मषम् (प्रातिपदिकम् “कल्मष” neuter) used in this verse. Please list the other ten.
अस्त्री पङ्कं पुमान्पाप्मा पापं किल्बिषकल्मषम् ।
कलुषं वृजिनैनोऽघमंहो दुरितदुष्कृतम् ।।१-४-२३।।
(इति द्वादश “पापस्य” नामानि)

7. What is the प्रातिपदिकम् in “माम्”? Could an alternate form have been used?

8. Which two सूत्रे could be applied after step 4? (They will not change the final form)

Easy questions:

1. Derive the form “राघवे” (सप्तमी-एकवचनम्) from the प्रातिपदिकम् “राघव”। (It is declined like राम-शब्द:)।

2. Which सूत्रम् was used to replace the ending तकार: of कस्मात् by a दकार:?