Today we will look at the word “धिय:” from the गायत्री-मन्त्र: – “धियो यो न: प्रचोदयात्“
धी gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्. प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. are mandated by
4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्. The विवक्षा here is द्वितीया विभक्तिः बहुवचनम् so we begin with
1. धी + शस्
2. धी+ अस् । 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते gives इत्संज्ञा to श् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः causes it to disappear. 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the स् in शस् from getting इत्संज्ञा
3. धियँङ्+ अस् । 6-4-77 अचि श्नुधातुभ्रुवां य्वोरियङुवङौ gives इयँङ् as आदेशः to धी. By 1-1-53 ङिच्च this आदेशः applies to the last अल् in धी, i.e. to ईकारः
4. धिय् + अस् । अँ gets इत्संज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and ङ् gets इत्संज्ञा by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and both disappear by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः
5. धियः Applying रुँत्व-विसर्गौ (8-2-66 ससजुषो रुँ, 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः)
Questions:
1. Which rule would have applied after step 2 if 6-4-77 were not there? What would have been the (undesired) form?
2. Why did 6-4-82 एरनेकाचोऽसंयोगपूर्वस्य not apply in step 3? Which required condition(s) was/were not satisfied?
3. Among the 24 forms in the declension table of the प्रातिपदिकम् “धी” how many are the form “धिय:”?
4. The ending ईकार: of the term “धी” comes from a धातु: (Otherwise we couldn’t have used 6-4-77) Which धातु: is it?
5. The प्रातिपदिकम् in the word “यो” is “यद्” Though we have not yet discussed consonant-ending stems, we have covered all the rules required to derive this form. Can you show the derivation?
Namaste,
1. 6-1-102 प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः would have applied, giving the undesired form धीः
2. Because the अङ्गम् does not have more than one अच् (the अङ्गम् should be अनेकाच् to apply 6-4-82)
3. जस् , शस्, ङसिँ , ङस् प्रत्ययाः give the form धिय:
4. The dhatu is “ध्यै चिन्तायाम्” and it takes संप्रसारणम् to give the form धी
5. यद् + सुँ (7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः , Satishji’s notes: The ending letter (see 1.1.52) of the pronouns starting with त्यद् and ending in द्वि is replaced by अ when followed by a विभक्तिः affix. )
=> य अ + सुँ (6-1-97 अतो गुणे, Satishji’s notes: In the place of the letter अ which not at the end of a पदम् , and the following गुण: letter, there is single substitute of the latter (the गुण: letter ).)
=> य + सुँ ( 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः)
=>यस्
Now the sandhi between यस् and न
यस् + न (8-2-66 ससजुषो रुँ: )
=>यरुँ + न ( 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः)
=> यर् + न (6-1-114 हशि च)
=> य उ + न (6-1-87 आद्गुणः)
=> यो न
Thank you Satishji.