Today we will look at the form गजस्थस्य mGs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.59.21.

शूलं भौमोऽच्युतं हन्तुमाददे वितथोद्यमः । तद्विसर्गात्पूर्वमेव नरकस्य शिरो हरिः । अपाहरद्गजस्थस्य चक्रेण क्षुरनेमिना ।। १०-५९-२१ ।।
सकुण्डलं चारुकिरीटभूषणं बभौ पृथिव्यां पतितं समुज्ज्वलत् । हाहेति साध्वित्यृषयः सुरेश्वरा माल्यैर्मुकुन्दं विकिरन्त ईडिरे ।। १०-५९-२२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
गरुडे वितथोद्यमः सन् शूलं त्रिशूलमाददे धृतवान् ।। २१ ।। २२ ।।

Gita Press translation – His attempt having proved futile, Naraka (son of Mother Earth) picked up a pike with intent to strike at Śrī Kṛṣṇa. (But) before he could discharge it, Śrī Kṛṣṇa with his discus (Sudarśana), which was keen-edged as a razor, lopped up the head of Naraka, who rode on an elephant (21). Fallen on the ground, Naraka’s head, which was accompanied with a pair of ear-rings and adorned with a lovely diadem, shone most resplendent. “Oh, what a pity!” cried his people and “Bravo!” exclaimed the seers; while the chiefs of gods extolled Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the Bestower of Liberation,) covering Him with (a shower of) flowers (22).

गजे तिष्ठतीति गजस्थः।

“स्थ” is a कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम् (participle form) derived from the verbal root √स्था (ष्ठा गतिनिवृत्तौ १. १०७७).

The (compound) प्रातिपदिकम् “गजस्थ” is derived as follows:

(1) गज + ङि + स्था + क । By 3-2-4 सुपि स्थः – This rule is split in to two parts. The first part is सुपि – When in composition with a पदम् which ends in a सुप् affix (ref. 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा..), a verbal root which ends in a आकारः may take the affix “क”। (We don’t need the second part of the सूत्रम् in the present example.)

Note: In the सूत्रम् 3-2-4 (सुपि), the term सुपि ends in the seventh (locative) case. Hence “गज + ङि” gets the उपपद-सञ्ज्ञा here by 3-1-92 तत्रोपपदं सप्तमीस्थम्‌ – The designation उपपदम् is applied to a term which denotes a thing – like a pot etc. – which is present (as the thing to be expressed) in a word ending in the locative case in the सूत्रम्।

(2) गज + ङि + स्था + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) गज + ङि + स्थ् + अ । By 6-4-64 आतो लोप इटि च – The ending आकार: of an अङ्गम् takes लोप: when followed by a vowel-beginning आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: that has either: (i) a “इट्”-आगम: or (ii) a ककार: or ङकार: as a इत्।

(4) गज + ङि + स्थ । We form a compound between “गज + ङि” (which is the उपपदम्) and “स्थ” by using the सूत्रम् 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ् – A सुबन्तम् (term ending in a सुँप् affix) having the designation “उपपद” (in this case “गज + ङि”) invariably compounds with a syntactically related term (in this case “स्थ”) as long as the compound does not end in a तिङ् affix.
In the compound, “गज + ङि” is placed in the prior position as per 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation “उपसर्जन” should be placed in the prior position. Note: Here “गज + ङि” is the उपपदम् and hence it gets the उपसर्जन-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – A term denoted by a word (in this case “उपपदम्”) ending in a nominative case in a सूत्रम् (in this case 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ्) which prescribes a compound gets the designation “उपसर्जन”।
“गज + ङि + स्थ” gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

(5) गजस्थ । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम्।

(6) गजस्थ + ङस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(7) गजस्थस्य । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः, the “ङस्”-प्रत्यय: it is replaced by “स्य” since it is following an अङ्गम् ending in an अकार:। As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य the entire “ङस्”-प्रत्यय: is replaced.

Questions:

1. Where has 3-2-4 सुपि स्थः (used in step 1) been used in the last twenty verses of Chapter Six of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः (used in step 7), the काशिका says – अत इति किम्? सख्या।

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 1-3-20 आङो दोऽनास्यविहरणे been used in the verses?

4. Where has the affix णल् been used in the verses?

5. Which सूत्रम् is used for the “इरे”-आदेश: in the form ईडिरे?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Look at the rabbit (situated) on the moon.” Use a उपपदसमास: for “(situated) on the moon.”

Easy Questions:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of साध्वित्यृषयः।

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-116 ङेराम्नद्याम्नीभ्यः been used in the verses?