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खिद्यते 3As-लँट्

Today we will look at the form खिद्यते 3As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb3-7-7.

एतस्मिन्मे मनो विद्वन्खिद्यतेऽज्ञानसङ्कटे ।
तन्नः पराणुद विभो कश्मलं मानसं महत्।। ३-७-७ ।।

Gita Press translation “My mind, O sage, is much distracted, stuck as it is in this morass of ignorance. Remove, my lord, this great confusion of my mind.”

खिद्यते is derived from the धातुः √खिद् (दिवादि-गणः, खिदँ दैन्ये, धातु-पाठः ४. ६६)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

The ending अकार: (which is an इत् by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्) of “खिदँ” has a अनुदात्त-स्वर:। Thus by 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् √खिद् will get आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः। As per 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “त” to “महिङ्” get the आत्मनेपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √खिद् can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। Since the विवक्षा is प्रथम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “त”।

(1) खिद् + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) खिद् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(3) खिद् + त । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “त” as the substitute for the लकारः। “त” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातो:” अधिकार:।

(4) खिद् + ते । By 3-4-79 टित आत्मनेपदानां टेरे, the टि-भागः of a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययः which substitutes a टित्-लकारः (a लकार: which has टकार: as a इत्), gets एकारः as the replacement.

(5) खिद् + श्यन् + ते । By 3-1-69 दिवादिभ्यः श्यन्, the श्यन्-प्रत्यय: is placed after the verbal roots belonging to the दिवादि-गणः, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. This सूत्रम् is a अपवाद: (exception) to 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌

(6) खिद्यते । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

Questions:

1. Where has 3-1-69 दिवादिभ्यः श्यन् been used in a तिङन्तं पदम् the first ten verses of Chapter Nine of the गीता?

2. Why didn’t the ending नकार: of (हे) विद्वन् take लोप: by 8-2-7 नलोपः प्रातिपदिकान्तस्य?

3. Can you spot two words in the verse where the “अस्मद्” प्रातिपदिकम् has been used?

4. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Why is your mind always depressed?” Use √खिद् (खिदँ दैन्ये, धातु-पाठः ४. ६६) for “to be depressed.”

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Who would not feel miserable in situation like this?” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “स्थिति” for “situation” and the adjective “ईदृश” (feminine “ईदृशी”) for “like this.” Use √खिद् (खिदँ दैन्ये, धातु-पाठः ४. ६६) for “to feel miserable.”

6. How would say this in Sanskrit?
“I think you’re exhausted.” Use √खिद् (खिदँ दैन्ये, धातु-पाठः ४. ६६) for “to be exhausted” and √मन् (मनँ ज्ञाने, धातु-पाठः #४. ७३) for “to think.”

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् was used to do the गुणादेश: in the form (हे) विभो?

2. Where has 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः been used in the verse?

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