Today we will look at the form जनमेजयः mNs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 9.20.2.

श्रीबादरायणिरुवाच
पूरोर्वंशं प्रवक्ष्यामि यत्र जातोऽसि भारत । यत्र राजर्षयो वंश्या ब्रह्मवंश्याश्च जज्ञिरे ।। ९-२०-१ ।।
जनमेजयो ह्यभूत्पूरोः प्रचिन्वांस्तत्सुतस्ततः । प्रवीरोऽथ नमस्युर्वै तस्माच्चारुपदोऽभवत् ।। ९-२०-२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
No commentary on these verses.

Gita Press translation – Śrī Śuka resumed : I shall (now) give a detailed account of the line Pūru, in which you were born, O scion of Bharata, and in which (many) royal sages and Brāhmaṇas, each propagating his line, appeared (1). Now, Janamejaya was born of Pūru and Janamejaya’s son was Pracinvān, from whose loins appeared Pravīra. From him indeed followed Namasyu (and) to him was born Cārupada (2).

जनमेजयतीति जनमेजय:।

“एजय” is a कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम् (participle form) derived from the causative form of the verbal root √एज् (एजृँ कम्पने, # १. २६७).

(1) एज् + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.

(2) एज् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

= एजि । “एजि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

The (compound) प्रातिपदिकम् “जनमेजय” is derived as follows:

(3) जन + ङस् + एजि + खश् । By 3-2-28 एजेः खश् – The affix “खश्” may be used after the causative form of the verbal root √एज् (एजृँ कम्पने, # १. २६७) when in composition with a पदम् which denotes the object (of the action.)

Note: The term कर्मणि (which comes as अनुवृत्ति: in to the सूत्रम् 3-2-28 from the सूत्रम् 3-2-1 कर्मण्यण्) ends in the seventh (locative) case. Hence “जन ङस्” (which is the object (कर्म-पदम्) of एजयति) gets the उपपद-सञ्ज्ञा here by 3-1-92 तत्रोपपदं सप्तमीस्थम्‌ – The designation उपपदम् is applied to a term which denotes a thing – like a pot etc. – which is present (as the thing to be expressed) in a word ending in the locative case in the सूत्रम्।
Note: The affix “ङस्” is used here as per 2-3-65 कर्तृकर्मणोः कृति – To express the agent or the object (of an action), a nominal stem takes a sixth case affix when the nominal stem is used in conjunction with a term which ends in a कृत् affix. (This is what is called as कृद्योगे षष्ठी)।

(4) जन + ङस् + एजि + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) जन + ङस् + एजि + शप् + अ । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. Note: The affix खश् (which has the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्) is used कर्तरि (to signify the agent) as per 3-4-67 कर्तरि कृत्‌ – The affixes designated as कृत् are used to denote the agent. This allows 3-1-68 to apply here.

(6) जन + ङस् + एजि + अ + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) जन ङस् + एजे + अ + अ । By 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः, an अङ्गम् whose final letter is an इक् gets गुण-आदेशः, when a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: or a आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: follows.

(8) जन ङस् + एजय् + अ + अ । By 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

(9) जन ङस् + एजय । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

We form a compound between “जन ङस्” (which is the उपपदम्) and “एजय” by using the सूत्रम् 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ् – A सुबन्तम् (term ending in a सुँप् affix) having the designation “उपपद” (in this case “जन ङस्”) invariably compounds with a syntactically related term (in this case “एजय”) as long as the compound does not end in a तिङ् affix.

In the compound, “जन ङस्” is placed in the prior position as per 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation “उपसर्जन” should be placed in the prior position. Note: Here “जन ङस्” is the उपपदम् and hence it gets the उपसर्जन-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – A term denoted by a word (in this case “उपपदम्”) ending in a nominative case in a सूत्रम् (in this case 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ्) which prescribes a compound gets the designation “उपसर्जन”।
“जन ङस् + एजय” gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

(10) जन + एजय । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

(11) जन मुँम् + एजय । By 6-3-67 अरुर्द्विषदजन्तस्य मुम् – When followed by a उत्तरपदम् (latter member of a compound) which ends in a खित् (having खकार: as a इत्) affix, the पूर्वपदम् (prior member of a compound) takes the augment मुँम् provided the following two conditions are satisfied:
(i) the पूर्वपदम् is either “अरुस्”, “द्विषत्” or ends in a अच् (vowel)
(ii) the पूर्वपदम् is not a अव्ययम्
As per 1-1-47 मिदचोऽन्त्यात्परः, the मुँम् augment joins after the last vowel (अकार:) of “जन”।

(12) जनम् + एजय । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

= जनमेजय

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्।

(13) जनमेजय + सुँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(14) जनमेजय + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(15) जनमेजयः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः।

Questions:

1. Commenting on the affix खश् prescribed by the सूत्रम् 3-2-28 एजेः खश् (used in step 1) the काशिका says – खकारो मुमर्थः।Please explain.

2. Commenting further on the same affix the काशिका says – शकारः सार्वधातुकसंज्ञार्थः। Please explain.

3. The form जज्ञिरे can be derived from which two verbal roots? Which one has been used in the verses?

4. The form प्रवक्ष्यामि can be derived from which two verbal roots? Which one has been used in the verses?

5. Where has लुँङ् been used in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“The lion’s roar made the deer tremble.” Paraphrase to “The lion’s roar became one that makes the deer tremble.” Use a उपपद-समास: for “one that makes the deer tremble.”

Easy Questions:

1. Where has लँङ् been used in the verses?

2. Where has लँट् been used in the verses?