Today we will look at the form विभीषणस्य mGs from श्रीमद्-वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 6.89.5.

ततो विस्फारयामास महद्धनुरवस्थितः । उत्ससर्ज च तीक्ष्णाग्रान्राक्षसेषु महाशरान् ।। ६-८९-३ ।।
ते शराः शिखिसंस्पर्शा निपतन्तः समाहिताः । राक्षसान्द्रावयामासुर्वज्राणीव महागिरीन् ।। ६-८९-४ ।।
विभीषणस्यानुचरास्तेऽपि शूलासिपट्टिशैः । चिच्छिदुः समरे वीरान्राक्षसान्राक्षसोत्तमाः ।। ६-८९-५ ।।

Gita Press translation – Standing firm, he now stretched his mighty bow and loosed long sharp-pointed arrows against the ogres (3). Falling thick and fast, the aforesaid shafts, which impinged like fire, tore the ogres to pieces as thunderbolts would cleave mighty mountains (4). The well-known followers of Vibhīṣaṇa, too, who were the foremost of ogres, rent asunder the heroic ogres in combat with their pikes, swords and sharp-edged spears (5).

विशेषेण भीषयतीति विभीषणः।

“विभीषण” is a causative form derived from the verbal root √भी (ञिभी भये ३. २) with the उपसर्गः “वि”।

(1) भी + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.

(2) भी + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) भी षुँक् + इ । By 7-3-40 भियो हेतुभये षुक् – The verbal root √भी (ञिभी भये ३. २) – when it ends in a ईकार: – takes the “षुँक्”-आगम: when the “णि”-प्रत्यय: follows and the हेतु: (ref. 1-4-55 तत्प्रयोजको हेतुश्च) is directly the cause of the fear.

(4) भी ष् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

“भीषि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

The प्रातिपदिकम् “विभीषण” is derived as follows:

(5) वि भीषि + ल्यु । By 3-1-134 नन्दिग्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः – The affix “ल्यु” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “नन्दि”; the affix “णिनिँ” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “ग्रहि”; and the affix “अच्” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “पच्”। Note: The word विभीषणः is listed in the नन्द्यादि-गण:।

(6) वि भीषि + यु । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) वि भीषि + अन । By 7-1-1 युवोरनाकौ – The affixes “यु” and “वु” are substituted respectively by “अन” and “अक”।

(8) वि भीष् + अन । By 6-4-51 णेरनिटि – The “णि”-प्रत्यय: is elided when followed by an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: which does not have the augment इट्।

(9) विभीषण । By 8-4-2 अट्कुप्वाङ्नुम्व्यवायेऽपि।

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम्।

(10) विभीषण + ङस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(11) विभीषणस्य । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः, since the “ङस्”-प्रत्यय: is following an अङ्गम् ending in an अकार:, it is replaced by “स्य”। As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य the entire ङस्-प्रत्यय: is replaced.

Questions:

1. Where has the affix “ल्यु” been used in the last five verses of Chapter Eleven of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-3-40 भियो हेतुभये षुक् the सिद्धान्त-कौमुदी says भी ई इतीकार: प्रश्लिष्यते। ईकारान्तस्य भिय: षुक् स्याण्णौ हेतुभये। Explaining this वृत्तिः the तत्त्वबोधिनी says तेन आत्वपक्षे भापयते इत्येव न त्वत्र षुगित्यर्थः। Please explain.

3. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-3-40 भियो हेतुभये षुक् the काशिका says हेतुभय इति किम्? कुञ्चिकयैनं भाययति। Please explain.

4. From which verbal root is the form द्रावयामासुः derived?

5. Can you spot an augment “तुँक्” in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
Arjuna said to Śrī Kṛṣṇa “Having withdrawn this frightful form show me your gentle one.” Use the अव्ययम् “संहृत्य” for “having withdrawn.”

Easy Questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् is used for the नकारादेशः in the form राक्षसान्?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-8 सर्वनामस्थाने चासम्बुद्धौ been used in the verses?