Today we will look at the form कृत्यम् nAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 4.23.22.

देहं विपन्नाखिलचेतनादिकं पत्युः पृथिव्या दयितस्य चात्मनः । आलक्ष्य किञ्चिच्च विलप्य सा सती चितामथारोपयदद्रिसानुनि ॥ ४-२३-२१ ॥
विधाय कृत्यं ह्रदिनीजलाप्लुता दत्त्वोदकं भर्तुरुदारकर्मणः । नत्वा दिविस्थांस्त्रिदशांस्त्रिः परीत्य विवेश वह्निं ध्यायती भर्तृपादौ ॥ ४-२३-२२ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
पृथिव्याः पत्युः । दुहितृत्वं तु तस्या देवतारूपेण । विपन्नं नष्टमखिलं चेतनादिकं यस्मिंस्तथाभूतं देहमालक्ष्य तं देहं चितामारोपयत् ॥ २१ ॥ कृत्यं तत्कालोचितं विधाय ह्रदिन्या जले आप्लुता स्नाता सती भर्तृरुदकं दत्त्वा दिव्यन्तरिक्षे स्थितान्देवान्नत्वा वह्निं त्रिः प्रदक्षिणीकृत्य ॥ २२ ॥

Gita Press translation – Finding the body of the sovereign of the entire globe and her own beloved lord bereft of consciousness and all other signs (of life,) that virtuous lady wept for a while and then placed it on a pyre on the ridge of the hill (21). Having performed the rites (suited to the occasion,) she bathed in the waters of a stream; and after offering water (through her hollowed palms) to (the spirit of) her husband, who had performed noble deeds, and bowing to the divinities who stood in the heavens (witnessing the scene from their aerial cars,) she thrice went round the (funeral) fire clockwise (as a mark of respect to her departed husband) and entered into it, contemplating on the feet of her lord (22).

‘कृत्य’ is a कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम् (participle form) derived from the verbal root √कृ (तनादि-गणः, डुकृञ् करणे, धातु-पाठः # ८. १०)

(1) कृ + क्यप् । By 3-1-120 विभाषा कृवृषोः – The two verbal roots √कृ (डुकृञ् करणे ८. १०) and √वृष् (वृषुँ सेचने हिंसासङ्क्लेशनयोश्च १. ८०३) optionally take the affix ‘क्यप्’। Note: In the other case the affix ‘ण्यत्’ is used as per 3-1-124 ऋहलोर्ण्यत्‌। See question 2.

(2) कृ + य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
Note: The affix ‘य’ gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-114 आर्धधातुकं शेषः।
Note: The affix ‘क्यप्’ is a कित् (has the letter ‘क्’ as a इत्)। Therefore, 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च stops the गुणादेशः which may have been done by 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः।

(3) कृ तुँक् + य । By 6-1-71 ह्रस्वस्य पिति कृति तुक् – When followed by a कृत् affix which is a पित् (has the letter ‘प्’ as a इत्), a short vowel (in this case the letter ‘ऋ’) takes the augment ‘तुँक्’। As per 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ, the augment ‘तुँक्’ joins after the letter ‘ऋ’।

(4) कृत्य । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

‘कृत्य’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च।

The विवक्षा is नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(5) कृत्य + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(6) कृत्य + अम् । By 7-1-24 अतोऽम् – The affixes ‘सुँ’ and ‘अम्’ that follow a neuter अङ्गम् ending in the short vowel ‘अ’ take ‘अम्’ as their replacement. 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending letter ‘म्’ of ‘अम्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) कृत्यम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. In the last verse of which Chapter of the गीता has the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘कृत्य’ been used (as a part of a compound)?

2. What would be the final form in this example if the affix ‘ण्यत्’ were to be used?

3. What would be an alternate form for आरोपयत्?

4. Can you spot an affix ‘णल्’ in the verses?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You ought not to make haste.” Paraphrase to passive. Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘त्वरा’ for ‘haste.’

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Tell me what should be done in this situation.” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अवस्था’ for ‘situation.’

Easy Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-1-73 इकोऽचि विभक्तौ been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् is used for the उकारादेशः in the form पत्युः?