Today we will look at the form रमण mVs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.30.40.

ततो गत्वा वनोद्देशं दृप्ता केशवमब्रवीत् । न पारयेऽहं चलितुं नय मां यत्र ते मनः ॥ १०-३०-३८ ॥
एवमुक्तः प्रियामाह स्कन्ध आरुह्यतामिति । ततश्चान्तर्दधे कृष्णः सा वधूरन्वतप्यत ॥ १०-३०-३९ ॥
हा नाथ रमण प्रेष्ठ क्वासि क्वासि महाभुज । दास्यास्ते कृपणाया मे सखे दर्शय सन्निधिम् ॥ १०-३०-४० ॥

कामिनां दैन्यं दर्शयति – एवमुक्त इति । अखण्डितत्वमाह – ततश्चेति । तस्यां स्कन्धारोहोद्यतायामन्तर्हित इत्यर्थः ॥ ३९ ॥ अनुतापमाह – हा नाथेति ॥ ४० ॥

Gita Press translation – Then, reaching a certain part of the forest, she arrogantly said to Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the Ruler even of Brahmā and Lord Śiva,) “I am unable to walk (any more); carry me wherever it pleases you.” (38) Requested thus, the Lord replied to His lady-love, “Mount my shoulder (then)!” After that, (however, as soon as the lady tried to mount His shoulder,) Śrī Kṛṣṇa disappeared and the said lady repented (in the following words): – (39) “My most beloved lord, O delighter of my soul, where are you, where are you, O mighty-armed one, pray reveal your presence, O friend, to me, your wretched servant.”(40)

रमत इति रमयतीति वा रमणः।

“रमण” may be derived as a causative form or a non-causative form, from the verbal root √रम् (रमुँ क्रीडायाम् | रमँ इति माधवः १. ९८९). In the present context the causative form is more appropriate.

The derivation of the causative form is as follows:

(1) रम् + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.

(2) रम् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) राम् + इ । By 7-2-116 अत उपधायाः – A penultimate (उपधा) अकार: of a अङ्गम् gets वृद्धिः as the substitute when followed by a प्रत्ययः which is a ञित् or a णित्।

By the गणसूत्रम् जनीजॄष्क्नसुरञ्जोऽमन्ताश्च (in the धातुपाठ:, below the गणसूत्रम् “घटादयो मित:”) – The verbal roots √जन् (जनीँ प्रादुर्भावे ४. ४४), √जॄ (जॄष् वयोहानौ ४. २५), √क्नस् (क्नसुँ ह्वरणदीप्त्योः ४. ७), √रञ्ज् (रञ्जँ रागे १. ११५४) as well as any verbal root ending in “अम्” are considered to be “मित्” (having मकार: as a इत्)।

(4) रमि । By 6-4-92 मितां ह्रस्वः, a short vowel (ह्रस्व:) is substituted in place of the penultimate letter (vowel) of a verbal root which is मित् (has मकार: as an इत्) and is followed by the causative affix “णि”।
“रमि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

The प्रातिपदिकम् “रमण” is derived as follows:

(5) रमि + ल्यु । By 3-1-134 नन्दिग्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः – The affix “ल्यु” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “नन्दि”; the affix “णिनिँ” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “ग्रहि”; and the affix “अच्” may be used after a verbal root belonging to the group headed by “पच्”। Note: The word रमण: is listed in the नन्द्यादि-गण:। See question 2.

(6) रमि + यु । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) रमि + अन । By 7-1-1 युवोरनाकौ – The affixes “यु” and “वु” are substituted respectively by “अन” and “अक”।

(8) रम् + अन । By 6-4-51 णेरनिटि – The “णि”-प्रत्यय: is elided when followed by an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: which does not have the augment इट्।

(9) रमण । By 8-4-2 अट्कुप्वाङ्नुम्व्यवायेऽपि।

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे सम्बुद्धिः।

(10) (हे) रमण + सुँ (सम्बुद्धिः) । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टा…। The affix “सुँ” has the सम्बुद्धि-सञ्ज्ञा here by 2-3-49 एकवचनं संबुद्धिः।

(11) (हे) रमण + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। The सकार: which is an एकाल् (single letter) प्रत्यय: gets the अपृक्त-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-41 अपृक्त एकाल् प्रत्ययः।

(12) (हे) रमण । By 6-1-69 एङ्ह्रस्वात्‌ सम्बुद्धेः।

Note: To derive ‘रमण’ as a non-causative form we add the affix ‘ल्यु’ (by 3-1-134 नन्दिग्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः) directly to the verbal root √रम् (रमुँ क्रीडायाम् | रमँ इति माधवः १. ९८९). After अनुबन्ध-लोपः (by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः) and the substitution ‘अन’ (by 7-1-1 युवोरनाकौ), the remaining steps are the same as step 9 onwards shown above.

Questions:

1. In the first ten verses of Chapter Seventeen of the गीता, can you spot a प्रातिपदिकम् (used as a part of a compound) ending in the affix ‘ल्यु’?

2. Commenting on 3-1-134 नन्दिग्रहिपचादिभ्यो ल्युणिन्यचः the काशिका says – नन्दिग्रहपचादयश्च न धातुपाठतः सन्निविष्टा गृह्यन्ते। किं तर्हि? नन्दनरमणेत्येवमादिषु प्रातिपदिकगणेष्वपोद्धृत्य प्रकृतयो निर्दिश्यन्ते। Please explain.

3. Which सूत्रम् is used for the “आम्”-आदेशः in the form आरुह्यताम्?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-4-50 तासस्त्योर्लोपः been used in the verses?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“There was a sage by the name Ramaṇa.” Use the अव्ययम् “नाम” for “by the name.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Who is brave? The man who conquers cupid.” For “cupid” use a प्रातिपदिकम् ending in the affix “ल्यु”। Use the verbal root √जि (जि अभिभवे १. १०९६) with the उपसर्गः “परा” for “to conquer.”

Easy Questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् is used for the augment “आट्” in the form दास्याः?

2. In the verses can you spot a प्रातिपदिकम् for which the प्रथमा-एकवचनम् is the same as the द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्?