Today we will look at the form पाययत 2Ap-लोँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb10.29.22

तद्यात मा चिरं गोष्ठं शुश्रूषध्वं पतीन्सतीः ।
क्रन्दन्ति वत्सा बालाश्च तान्पाययत दुह्यत ।। १०-२९-२२ ।।

Gita Press translation “(Therefore) return without delay to Vraja and serve your husbands, O virtuous ladies! The calves as well as the children are crying (due to hunger); nourish them with milk and milk the cows.”

पाययत is a causative form derived from the धातुः √पा (पा पाने १. १०७४)

√पा-धातुः has no इत् letters.

पा + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed. “णिच्” gets आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-114 आर्धधातुकं शेषः।
= पा + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
= पा युक् + इ । By 7-3-37 शाच्छासाह्वाव्यावेपां युक्, the verbal roots √शो (शो तनूकरणे ४. ४०), √छो (छो छेदने ४. ४१), √सो (षो अन्तकर्मणि ४. ४२), √ह्वे (ह्वेञ् स्पर्धायां शब्दे च १. ११६३), √व्ये (व्येञ् संवरणे १. ११६२), √वे (वेञ् तन्तुसन्ताने १. ११६१) and √पा (पा पाने १. १०७४) take the “युक्”-आगम: when the “णि”-प्रत्यय: follows. As per 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ “युक्”-आगमः attaches itself to the end of the अङगम् “पा”।
= पा य् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Note: The उकारः in “युक्” is उच्चारणार्थः (pronunciation only).
= पायि

“पायि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

As per 1-3-74 णिचश्च, the verbal roots that end in the णिच्-प्रत्ययः shall take आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः when the fruit of the action (क्रियाफलम्) accrues to the doer (कर्त्रभिप्रायम् = कर्तृ-अभिप्रायम्)। In the remaining case – when the fruit of the action does not accrue to the doer these verbal roots shall take परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः।
In reality though, this distinction of the fruit of the action accruing to the doer or not, is rarely honored in the language. So as a practical matter, a verbal root that ends in the णिच्-प्रत्ययः will take either आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः or परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः regardless of whether the fruit of the action accrues to the doer or not. In short, it will be उभयपदी। Here it has taken a परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययः।

The विवक्षा is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः (हेतुमति), मध्यम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्, therefore the प्रत्यय: will be “थ”।

(1) पायि + लोँट् । By 3-3-162 लोट् च, the affix लोँट् comes after a धातुः when used in the sense of command/request.

(2) पायि + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) पायि + थ । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “थ” as the substitute for the लकारः। “थ” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) पायि + त । By 3-4-85 लोटो लङ्वत्‌, लोँट् is treated like लँङ्। लँङ् is a ङित्-लकार: (it has ङकार: as an इत्)। The तिङ्-प्रत्ययाः “तस्”, “थस्”, “थ” and “मिप्” of a लकारः which is a ङित्, are replaced by “ताम्”, “तम्”, “त” and “अम्” respectively by 3-4-101 तस्थस्थमिपां तांतंतामः । Since लोँट् is treated like लँङ्, the थ-प्रत्ययः of लोँट् also is replaced by “त”। “त” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ।

(5) पायि + शप् + त । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent.

(6) पायि + अ + त । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) पाये + अ + त । By 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः, an अङ्गम् whose final letter is an इक् gets गुण-आदेशः, when a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: follows.

(8) पाययत। By 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

Questions:

1. Can you spot a word in Chapter Three of the गीता where the विवक्षा (as in this example) is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः (हेतुमति), मध्यम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्?

2. Commenting on this verse, the commentator says that the form (हे) सती: is आर्ष: (archaic – not according to the rules of grammar.) What should have been the form according to the rules of grammar?

3. On the form दुह्यत, the commentator says श्यन्नार्ष:। What does this mean? What should have been the from according to the rules of grammar?

4. Can you spot a word in the verse where the शप्-प्रत्यय: has taken the लुक् elision?

5. Where has the झि-प्रत्यय: been used in the verse?

6. Use some words from the verse to construct the following sentence in Sanskrit:
“All of you go home without delay.”

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् is used for the नकारादेश: in the forms पतीन् and तान्?

2. Where has 8-3-22 हलि सर्वेषाम् been used in the verse?