Today we will look at the form युध्यस्व 2As-लोँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb10-50-19.

तव राम यदि श्रद्धा युध्यस्व धैर्यमुद्वह ।
हित्वा वा मच्छरैश्छिन्नं देहं स्वर्याहि मां जहि ।। १०-५०-१९ ।।

Gita Press Translation “If there is an itching in you (for a combat), O Balarāma, offer battle to me and have patience (to see the result). Casting off your body torn with my shafts, (either) ascend to heaven or slay me (if you can).”

युध्यस्व is derived from the धातुः √युध् (दिवादि-गणः, युधँ सम्प्रहारे, धातु-पाठः ४. ६९)

The विवक्षा is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

The ending अकार: (which is an इत् by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् ) of “युधँ” has अनुदात्त-स्वर:। Thus by 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् √युध् takes आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः। As per 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “त” to “महिङ्” get the आत्मनेपद-सञ्ज्ञा।

Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्, the प्रत्ययः is “थास्”।

(1) युध् + लोँट् । By 3-3-162 लोट् च, the affix लोँट् comes after a धातुः when used in the sense of command/request.

(2) युध् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) युध् + थास् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “थास्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “थास्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातोः” अधिकारः।

(4) युध् + से । By 3-4-80 थासस्से, the थास्-प्रत्ययः which substitutes a टित्-लकारः (a लकार: which has टकार: as a इत्), gets “से” as the replacement. As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य, “से” replaces the entire थास्-प्रत्ययः। “से” also gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ।

(5) युध् + स्व । By 3-4-91 सवाभ्यां वामौ, the एकारः of लोँट् which follows a सकारः or वकारः is replaced by “व” and “अम्” respectively.

(6) युध् + श्यन् + स्व । By 3-1-69 दिवादिभ्यः श्यन्, the श्यन्-प्रत्यय: is placed after the verbal roots belonging to the दिवादि-गणः, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. This सूत्रम् is a अपवाद: (exception) to 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ ।

(7) युध्यस्व । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
Note: By 1-2-4 सार्वधातुकमपित्, the श्यन्-प्रत्यय: becomes ङिद्वत् (behaves like having a ङकारः as an इत्)। Hence 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च prevents the गुणादेशः for the उकार: (of the अङ्गम् “युध्”) which would have been done by 7-3-86 पुगन्तलघूपधस्य च।

Questions:

1. Where has युध्यस्व been used in the गीता?

2. In which word in the verse has 6-4-22 असिद्धवदत्राभात्‌ been used?

3. Which सूत्रम् has been used to do the elision of the “हि”-प्रत्यय: in the form (उद्)वह?

4. Why didn’t this same सूत्रम् (answer to the question above) apply in the form याहि?

5. In the verse can you spot a term which is the first member of a गण: (class of words) referred to by पाणिनि:?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“With whom (masculine, plural) should I fight?” Use the अव्ययम् “सह” for “with.”

Easy questions:

1. Where has 6-1-69 एङ्ह्रस्वात्‌ सम्बुद्धेः been used in the verse?

2. Could the short form ते have been used in place of तव in the verse?