Today we will look at the form ब्रूहि 2As-लोँट् from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् 6-120-2.

अमोघं दर्शनं राम तवास्माकं नरर्षभ ।
प्रीतियुक्ताः स्म तेन त्वं ब्रूहि यन्मनसेप्सितम् ।। ६-१२०-२ ।।

Gita Press translation “Your sight of us, O Rāma, a jewel among human beings, must not go in vain. We are pleased (with you). Therefore, speak out you, what is sought after by your mind.”

ब्रूहि is derived from the धातुः √ब्रू (अदादि-गणः, ब्रूञ् व्यक्तायां वाचि, धातु-पाठः #२. ३९).

The विवक्षा is लोँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम् ।

In the धातु-पाठः, the √ब्रू-धातुः has one इत् letter which is the ञकार:। It gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and hence takes लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोप:। Since ञकार: is an इत्, as per the सूत्रम् 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले, the √ब्रू-धातुः will take आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः when the fruit of the action (क्रियाफलम्) accrues to the doer (कर्त्रभिप्रायम्)। In the remaining case – when the fruit of the action does not accrue to the doer – by 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम् – the √ब्रू-धातुः will take परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः।
In reality though, this distinction of the fruit of the action accruing to the doer or not, is rarely honored in the language. So as a practical matter, a verbal root such as “√ब्रू” will take either आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः or परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः regardless of whether the fruit of the action accrues to the doer or not. In short, √ब्रू-धातुः will be उभयपदी। In this verse, it has taken a परस्मैपद-प्रत्यय:।

Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “सिप्”।

(1) ब्रू + लोँट् । By 3-3-162 लोट् च, the affix लोँट् comes after a धातुः when used in the sense of command/request.

(2) ब्रू + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) ब्रू + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “सिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) ब्रू + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) ब्रू + हि । By 3-4-87 सेर्ह्यपिच्च , “सि” of लोँट् is substituted by “हि” and it is an अपित्। हि also gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ । See question 4.

(6) ब्रू + शप् + हि । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(7) ब्रूहि । By 2-4-72 अदिप्रभृतिभ्यः शपः, the शप्-प्रत्ययः takes the लुक् elision when following a verbal root belonging to अदादि-गणः। See question 5.

Questions:

1. Where is ब्रूहि used in the गीता?

2. What would have been the final form in this example if a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यय: had been used?

3. Can you recall two सूत्रे (which we have studied) wherein पाणिनि: mentions the धातु: √ब्रू? Why didn’t either of them apply in this example? (Which condition was not satisfied?)

4. Why didn’t the ending इकार: of “हि” take the उकारादेश: by 3-4-86 एरुः?

5. Why didn’t the ending ऊकार: of the अङ्गम् “ब्रू” take the गुणादेश: by 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“What you said is true.” Use यत्/तत्।

Easy questions:

1. Please do पदच्छेद: of यन्मनसेप्सितम् and mention the relevant rules.

2. Where has 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः been used?