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परिच्छदान् mAp

Today we will look at the form परिच्छदान् mAp from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.64.15.

गोभूहिरण्यायतनाश्वहस्तिनः कन्याः सदासीस्तिलरूप्यशय्याः । वासांसि रत्नानि परिच्छदान्रथानिष्टं च यज्ञैश्चरितं च पूर्तम् ।। १०-६४-१५ ।।
कस्यचिद्द्विजमुख्यस्य भ्रष्टा गौर्मम गोधने । सम्पृक्ताविदुषा सा च मया दत्ता द्विजातये ।। १०-६४-१६ ।।
तां नीयमानां तत्स्वामी दृष्ट्वोवाच ममेति तम् । ममेति प्रतिग्राह्याह नृगो मे दत्तवानिति ।। १०-६४-१७ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
पूर्तं वापीकूपादि । चरितं कृतम् ।। १५ ।। एवं वर्तमानस्य मम संकटं किंचिदापन्नं शृण्वित्याह – कस्यचिदिति । द्विजमुख्यस्य प्रतिग्रहनिवृत्तस्य । संपृक्ता मिलिता । अविदुषा ब्राह्मणस्येयमित्यजानता ।। १६ ।। १७ ।।

Gita Press translation – I also gave away a number of oxen, lands, gold, houses, horses, elephants, girls with maid-servants, (piles of) sesamum seeds, silver, beds, clothes, jewels, household articles and chariots. (Besides these) I performed (many) sacrifices and carried out several works of public utility (15). (On a certain day,) a cow belonging to a holy Brāhmaṇa (who never accepted any gift and was devoted to austerities) strayed and mingled with my cattle and, ignorant of the fact I gave it away to some (other) Brāhmaṇa (16). While it was being led away (by the latter), the real owner saw it and said to the Brāhmaṇa, “This is mine!” The Brāhmaṇa, who had received it as a gift from me, said, “This is mine; for King Nṛga has given it to me.” (17)

परिच्छाद्यतेऽनेनेति परिच्छदः ।

The पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘परिच्छद’ is derived from the verbal root √छद् (छदँ अपवारणे १०. ४८१) in composition with the उपसर्ग: ‘परि’।

(1) छद् + णिच् । By 3-1-25 सत्यापपाशरूपवीणातूलश्लोकसेनालोमत्वचवर्मवर्णचूर्णचुरादिभ्यो णिच् – The affix णिच् is used after these words – “सत्य” ‘truth’ (which then takes the form of “सत्याप्” as exhibited in the सूत्रम्), “पाश” ‘fetter’, “रूप” ‘form’, “वीणा” ‘lute’, “तूल” ‘cotton’, “श्लोक” ‘celebration’, “सेना” ‘army’, “लोमन्” ‘hair of the body’, “त्वच” ‘skin’, “वर्मन्” ‘mail’, “वर्ण” ‘color’, “चूर्ण” ‘powder’ and the verbal roots belonging to the चुरादि-गणः

(2) छद् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(3) छादि । By 7-2-116 अत उपधायाः – A penultimate (उपधा) अकार: of a अङ्गम् gets वृद्धिः as the substitute when followed by a प्रत्ययः which is a ञित् or a णित्।

‘छादि’ gets the धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

(4) परि + छादि + घ । By 3-3-118 पुंसि संज्ञायां घः प्रायेण – To denote the instrument or the locus of the action, the affix ‘घ’ is generally used following a verbal root, provided the word so derived is used in the masculine gender as a proper name.
Note: घकारः ‘६-४-९६ छादेर्घेऽद्व्युपसर्गस्य’ इति विशेषणार्थः। पाणिनि: has used the letter ‘घ्’ as a इत् in the affix ‘घ’ so that he may be able to refer to this specific affix in the सूत्रम् 6-4-96 छादेर्घेऽद्व्युपसर्गस्य।

(5) परि + छादि + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(6) परि + छाद् + अ । By 6-4-51 णेरनिटि – The affix ‘णि’ is elided when followed by an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: which does not have the augment इट्।
Note: Even though the affix ‘णि’ has been elided (by 6-4-51), 1-1-62 प्रत्ययलोपे प्रत्ययलक्षणम् allows us to still apply 6-4-96 (which depends on the affix ‘णि’) in the next step.

(7) परि + छद् + अ । By 6-4-96 छादेर्घेऽद्व्युपसर्गस्य – When followed by the affix ‘णि’ which itself is followed by the affix ‘घ’ the penultimate letter of the base ‘छाद्’ is shortened provided ‘छाद्’ is not in composition with two or more prefixes.

(8) परि तुँक् + छद् + अ । By 6-1-73 छे च – A short vowel (ह्रस्वः) gets the augment तुँक् when a छकारः follows in संहितायाम् (continuous speech.) As per 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ, the augment तुँक् joins after the इकारः।

(9) परि त् + छद् + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(10) परिच्छद । By 8-4-40 स्तोः श्चुना श्चु:

‘परिच्छद’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds get the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

The विवक्षा here is द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्

(11) परिच्छद + शस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्

(12) परिच्छद + अस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending सकारः of ‘शस्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा ।

(13) परिच्छदास् । By 6-1-102 प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः – When an अक् letter is followed by a vowel (अच्) of the first (nominative) or second (accusative) case then for the two of them (अक् + अच्) there is a single substitute which is the elongated form of the first member (the अक् letter.)

(14) परिच्छदान् । By 6-1-103 तस्माच्छसो नः पुंसि – In the masculine gender, when the letter “स्” of the affix “शस्” follows a vowel which has been elongated by 6-1-102 then it is replaced by the letter “न्”।

Questions:

1. In how many places has the सूत्रम् 6-4-96 छादेर्घेऽद्व्युपसर्गस्य (used in step 7) been used in the गीता?
(i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (iv) 3

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 6-4-96 छादेर्घेऽद्व्युपसर्गस्य the काशिका says – अद्व्युपसर्गस्येति किम्? समुपच्छादः। Please explain.

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-3-90 यजयाचयतविच्छप्रच्छरक्षो नङ् been used in the verses?

4. Which सूत्रम् is used to derive the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘शय्या’ (used here as part of the compound तिलरूप्यशय्याः)?

5. Can you spot the affix ‘क्तवतुँ’ in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Invited by king Janaka, king Daśaratha along with (his) retinue/attendants came to Mithilā.” Use a (passive participle) form of the verbal root √मन्त्र् (मत्रिँ गुप्तपरिभाषणे १०. १९९) with the उपसर्गौ ‘आङ् (आ)’ for ‘to invite.’

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the सम्प्रसारणम् in the word उवाच?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-106 उतश्च प्रत्ययादसंयोगपूर्वात्‌ been used in the commentary?

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