Today we will look at the form क्रीणाति 3As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb7.6.10

को न्वर्थतृष्णां विसृजेत्प्राणेभ्योऽपि य ईप्सितः ।
यं क्रीणात्यसुभिः प्रेष्ठैस्तस्करः सेवको वणिक् ।। ७-६-१० ।।

Gita Press translation “Who indeed can give up the thirst for wealth, which is coveted more than life itself and which a thief as well as a servant and a merchant purchases even in exchange for his most beloved life?”

क्रीणाति is derived from the धातुः √क्री (क्र्यादि-गणः, डुक्रीञ् द्रव्यविनिमये, धातु-पाठः # ९. १)

The “डु” at the beginning of this धातुः gets इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-5 आदिर्ञिटुडवः। The ञकारः at the end gets इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्। Both take लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Since the √क्री-धातुः has ञकारः as इत् in the धातु-पाठः, it is उभयपदी। Here it has taken परस्मैपद-प्रत्यय:।

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्, therefore the प्रत्यय: will be “तिप्”।

(1) क्री + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) क्री + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) क्री + तिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “तिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “तिप्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(4) क्री + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) क्री + श्ना + ति । By 3-1-81 क्र्यादिभ्यः श्ना, the श्ना-प्रत्यय: is placed after the verbal roots belonging to the क्र्यादि-गणः, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः that is used signifying the agent. This सूत्रम् is a अपवाद: (exception) to 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌। “श्ना” which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्। (Note: Since the सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: “श्ना” is अपित्, by 1-2-4 सार्वधातुकमपित् it behaves ङिद्वत् – as if it has ङकार: as a इत्। Hence 1-1-5 ग्क्ङिति च prevents the गुणादेश: for the ईकार: of the अङ्गम् “क्री” which would have been done by 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः।)

(6) क्री + ना + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते , 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) क्रीणाति । By 8-4-2 अट्कुप्वाङ्नुम्व्यवायेऽपि, the letter “न्” is replaced by “ण्” when either “र्” or “ष्” precedes, even if intervened by a letter of the अट्-प्रत्याहार: or by a letter of the क-वर्ग: or प-वर्गः or the term “आङ्” or “नुँम्” (अनुस्वारः) either singly or in any combination.

Questions:

1. Where has 3-1-81 क्र्यादिभ्यः श्ना (used in step 5 of this example) been used in the last five verses of Chapter Fifteen of the गीता?

2. Can you spot a श-प्रत्यय: in the verse?

3. What would have been the final form in this verse if a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यय: had been used?

4. Approximately how many verbal roots are listed in the क्र्यादि-गण:?
i. 25
ii. 70
iii. 125
iv. 200

5. Can you recall two other rules (besides 3-1-81 क्र्यादिभ्यः श्ना) wherein पाणिनि: specifically mentions the विकरण-प्रत्यय: “श्ना”?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You are confusing my understanding.” Use the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “बुद्धि” for “understanding” and √मुह् (मुहँ वैचित्ये ४. ९५) in the causative for “to confuse.”

Easy questions:

1. In the verse, can you spot a प्रातिपदिकम् which ends in a जकार: (letter “ज्”)?

2. Derive the form क: (पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्) from the सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम् “किम्”।