Today we will look at the form ईहसे 2As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् Sb10-16-49.

त्वं ह्यस्य जन्मस्थितिसंयमान्विभो गुणैरनीहोऽकृतकालशक्तिधृक् ।
तत्तत्स्वभावान्प्रतिबोधयन्सतः समीक्षयामोघविहार ईहसे ।। १०-१६-४९ ।।

Gita Press translation “Though destitute of desire, You actually bring about, O Lord, through the (three) Guṇas (modes of Prakṛti), the creation, preservation and dissolution of this universe, wielding as You do the eternal potency in the form of Time, and awakening by Your (very) penetrating look, the various dispositions, already present (in the Jīvas in the form of predisposition) and (thus) carrying on Your sport, which is never futile.”

ईहसे is derived from the धातुः √ईह् (भ्वादि-गणः, ईहँ चेष्टायाम् , धातु-पाठः #१. ७१९)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

The इत् letter (अकार:) of “ईहँ” has a अनुदात्त-स्वर:। Thus by 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् √ईह् will get आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः। As per 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “त” to “महिङ्” get the आत्मनेपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √ईह् can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:। Since the विवक्षा is मध्यम-पुरुष-एकवचनम्, the प्रत्यय: will be “थास्”।

(1) ईह् + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) ईह् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) ईह् + थास् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस् तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “थास्” as the substitute for the लकारः। “थास्” gets the सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम् – The affixes of the तिङ्-प्रत्याहारः and the affixes that have शकारः as an इत् get the designation of सार्वधातुकम् if they are prescribed in the “धातो:” अधिकार:।

(4) ईह् + से । By 3-4-80 थासस्से, the थास्-प्रत्ययः which substitutes a टित्-लकारः (a लकार: which has टकार: as a इत्), gets “से” as the replacement. “से” also gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-56 स्थानिवदादेशोऽनल्विधौ। See easy question 1.

(5) ईह् + शप् + से । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent. The शप्-प्रत्यय: which is a शित्, gets सार्वधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-4-113 तिङ्शित्सार्वधातुकम्।

(6) ईहसे । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Questions:

1. Where has √ईह् been used in the Sixteenth Chapter of the गीता?

2. Where has 7-3-105 आङि चापः been used in the verse?

3. One of the reasons for having पकार: as an इत् in the शप्-प्रत्यय: is given in the पदमञ्जरी (an authoritative commentary on the काशिका) as “ङित्त्वप्रतिषेधार्थ:”। What does this mean?

4. Which अव्ययम् in the verse translates to “actually”?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You should strive to study grammar.” Use the अव्ययम् “अध्येतुम्” for “to study.” Use √ईह् (ईहँ चेष्टायाम् #१. ७१९) for “to strive.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“When did this tree fall down?” Use √पत् (पतॢँ गतौ १. ९७९) with the उपसर्ग: “नि” for “to fall down.”

Easy questions:

1. In step 4, why doesn’t “से” replace only the ending सकार: of “थास्” as per 1-1-52 अलोऽन्त्यस्य?

2. The ईकार: in √ईह् has:
i. The दीर्घ-सञ्ज्ञा but not the गुरु-सञ्ज्ञा
ii. The गुरु-सञ्ज्ञा but not the दीर्घ-सञ्ज्ञा
iii. Both the दीर्घ-सञ्ज्ञा and the गुरु-सञ्ज्ञा
iv. Neither the दीर्घ-सञ्ज्ञा nor the गुरु-सञ्ज्ञा