Today we will look at the form उच्छ्रायात् m-Ab-s used as part of the compound योजनशतोच्छ्रायात् m-Ab-s from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 5.26.28.

यस्त्विह वा अनृतं वदति साक्ष्ये द्रव्यविनिमये दाने वा कथञ्चित्स वै प्रेत्य नरकेऽवीचिमत्यधःशिरा निरवकाशे योजनशतोच्छ्रायाद्गिरिमूर्ध्नः सम्पात्यते यत्र जलमिव स्थलमश्मपृष्ठमवभासते तदवीचिमत्तिलशो विशीर्यमाणशरीरो न म्रियमाणः पुनरारोपितो निपतति ।। ५-२६-२८ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
द्रव्यविनिमये क्रयविक्रयादौ । निरवकाशे निरालम्बे । अवीचिशब्दर्थमाह – यत्रेति । वीचिस्तरङ्गस्तद्रहितत्वादवीचिः ।। २८ ।।

Gita Press translation – He, again, who actually tells a lie here while giving evidence (in a law-suit), in bartering (buying and selling) goods or while making a gift, on any account whatsoever, is hurled headlong after death from a (steep) mountain-top, a hundred Yojanas high, in the hell called Avīcimat, where there is no support to stand upon (because of the steep nature of the mountain) and where land with a rocky surface appears like water; hence the name ‘Avīcimat’ (having no water.) There the man does not die even though his body continues to be shattered to minute particles, and falls down the moment he is lifted up (the mountain-top) again (28).

उच्छ्रयणमुच्छ्राय:।

योजनशतमुच्छ्रायो यस्य स: = योजनशतोच्छ्राय:। That which has a height of a hundred Yojanas.

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘उच्छ्राय’ used in the compound ‘योजनशतोच्छ्राय’ is derived from the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४) along with the उपसर्गः ‘उद्’।

(1) उद् श्रि + घञ् । By 3-3-49 उदि श्रयतियौतिपूद्रुवः – The affix घञ् may be used following the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४) or √यु (यु मिश्रणेऽमिश्रणे च २. २७) or √पू (पूङ् पवने १. ११२१, पूञ् पवने ९. १४) or √द्रु (द्रु गतौ १. १०९५) – provided any one of these verbal roots is in conjunction with the उपसर्ग: ‘उद्’ – to denote either (i) the sense of the verbal root as having attained to a completed state or (ii) any कारक: except the agent of the action, provided the word so derived is a proper name.

See question 2.

(2) उद् श्रि + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) उद् श्रै + अ । By 7-2-115 अचो ञ्णिति – A vowel ending अङ्गम् gets a वृद्धिः substitute, when followed by a प्रत्ययः that has ञकारः or a णकारः as an indicatory letter.

(4) उद् श्राय् + अ = उद् श्राय । By 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

(5) उज् श्राय । By 8-4-40 स्तोः श्चुना श्चुः – When the letter ‘स्’ or a letter of the त-वर्ग: (‘त्’, ‘थ्’, ‘द्’, ‘ध्’, ‘न्’) comes in contact with either the letter ‘श्’ or a letter of the च-वर्ग: (‘च्’, ‘छ्’, ‘ज्’, ‘झ्’, ‘ञ्’), then it is replaced respectively by ‘श्’, च-वर्ग: (‘च्’, ‘छ्’, ‘ज्’, ‘झ्’, ‘ञ्’)।

(6) उच् श्राय । By 8-4-55 खरि च – A झल् letter is replaced by a चर् letter when a खर् letter follows.

(7) उच्छ्राय/उच्श्राय । By 8-4-63 शश्छोऽटि – When a झय् letter precedes, then the letter ‘श्’ is optionally substituted by the letter ‘छ्’, if an अट् letter follows.

‘उच्छ्राय/उच्श्राय’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

In the verses, the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘उच्छ्राय’ has been used as part of the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘योजनशतोच्छ्राय’।

The विवक्षा is पुंलिङ्गे पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्।

(9) योजनशतोच्छ्राय + ङसिँ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(10) योजनशतोच्छ्राय + आत् । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in a अकार:, the affixes “टा”, “ङसिँ” and “ङस्” are replaced respectively by “इन”, “आत्” and “स्य”।

(11) योजनशतोच्छ्रायात् । By 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः।

Questions:

1. Where has the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४) been used in Chapter Twelve of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 3-3-49 उदि श्रयतियौतिपूद्रुवः (used in step 1) the काशिका says अजपोरपवाद:। Please explain.

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-51 णेरनिटि been used in the verses?

4. From which verbal root is the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘शीर्यमाण’ (used in the compound विशीर्यमाणशरीरः) derived?

5. What would be an alternate form for आरोपितः?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“How high is the Himālaya mountain?” Paraphrase to “How much is the height of the Himālaya mountain?” Use the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् ‘कियत्’ (declined like ‘भगवत्’) for ‘how much?’

Easy questions:

1. What is the purpose of the ending ‘ञ्’ (which is a इत् by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्) of the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४)?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-3-19 लोपः शाकल्यस्य been used in the verses?