Today we will look at the form संयावम् mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.29.5.

दुहन्त्योऽभिययुः काश्चिद्दोहं हित्वा समुत्सुकाः । पयोऽधिश्रित्य संयावमनुद्वास्यापरा ययुः ।। १०-२९-५ ।।
परिवेषयन्त्यस्तद्धित्वा पाययन्त्यः शिशून्पयः । शुश्रूषन्त्यः पतीन्काश्चिदश्नन्त्योऽपास्य भोजनम् ।। १०-२९-६ ।।
लिम्पन्त्यः प्रमृजन्त्योऽन्या अञ्जन्त्यः काश्च लोचने । व्यत्यस्तवस्त्राभरणाः काश्चित्कृष्णान्तिकं ययुः ।। १०-२९-७ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
श्रीकृष्णसूचकशब्दश्रवणेन तत्प्रवणचित्तानां तत्क्षणमेव त्रैवर्गिककर्मनिवृत्तिं द्योतयन्त्य इवार्धावसितं कर्म विहाय ययुः । तदाह – दुहन्त्य इति । पयः स्थालीस्थं चुल्ल्यामधिश्रित्यैतत्क्वाथमप्रतीक्षमाणाः काश्चिद्ययुः । संयावं गोधूमकणान्नं पक्वमनुद्वास्यानुत्तार्य ।। ५ ।। ।।६।। अन्याः प्रमृजन्त्योऽङ्गोद्वर्तनादि कुर्वत्यः । काश्च काश्चित् । कृष्णतुष्ट्यर्थं कर्म तदासक्तमनसामन्यथा कृतमपि फलत्येवेति द्योतयन्नाह – व्यत्यस्तेति । स्थानतः स्वरूपतश्चोर्ध्वाधोधारणेन विपर्ययं प्राप्तानि वस्त्राभरणानि यासां ताः ।। ७ ।।

Gita Press translation – Full of intense longing some, who were milking (their) cows, darted off leaving the milk-vessel (uncared for); (while) others left as soon as they had placed the milk on the oven (without waiting for its being boiled) and still others went out without removing the (dressed) porridge (from the hearth) (5). Some, who were serving food (to their husbands and other relations) went away neglecting that duty; others, who were feeding their infants with milk gave up that work and ran. Still others, who were waiting upon their husbands, turned their back on them and departed; while some (more), who were dining, bolted away leaving their meal (6). Others, who were bedaubing their person with sandal-paste etc., left that work half-finished; still others who were rubbing and cleaning their person with oily substances, decamped leaving off that work; and some (more), who were painting their eyes with collyrium, put off that work and ran to meet Śrī Kṛṣṇa. Still others sought the presence of Śrī Kṛṣṇa with their garments and jewels wrongly placed (7).

संयूयते मिश्रीक्रियते गुडादिभि: = संयाव:। That which is mixed with molasses etc is संयाव:। Hence it means a kind of cake made with wheat flour or a kind of porridge made of wheat flour with ghee, milk and molasses.

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘संयाव’ is derived from the verbal root √यु (यु मिश्रणेऽमिश्रणे च २. २७) with the उसर्ग: ‘सम्’।

(1) सम् यु + घञ् । By 3-3-23 समि युद्रुदुवः – The affix घञ् may be used following the verbal root √यु (यु मिश्रणेऽमिश्रणे च २. २७) or √द्रु (द्रु गतौ १. १०९५) or √दु (दु गतौ १. १०९४) – provided any one of these verbal roots is in conjunction with the उपसर्ग: ‘सम्’ – to denote either (i) the sense of the verbal root as having attained to a completed state or (ii) any कारक: except the agent of the action, provided the word so derived is a proper name.

See question 1.

(2) सम् यु + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) सम् यौ + अ । By 7-2-115 अचो ञ्णिति – A vowel ending अङ्गम् gets a वृद्धिः substitute, when followed by a प्रत्ययः that has ञकारः or a णकारः as an indicatory letter.

(4) सम् याव् + अ । By 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

(5) संयाव । By 8-3-23 मोऽनुस्वारः।

‘संयाव’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: घञबन्त: (लिङ्गानुशासनम् २.२) – A प्रातिपदिकम् ending in the affix ‘घञ्’ or ‘अप्’ is used in the masculine gender.

The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(6) संयाव + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending मकारः of ‘अम्’ from getting इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) संयावम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. The affix ‘घञ्’ prescribed by the सूत्रम् 3-3-23 समि युद्रुदुवः (used in step 1) is a अपवाद: (exception) to which affix?

2. In the verses can you spot four words in which the augment ‘नुँम्’ has been irregularly used?

3. What would be an alternate form for लिम्पन्त्यः?

4. Why is शुश्रूषन्त्यः a आर्षप्रयोग: (an irregular grammatical usage)?

5. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the augment ‘युक्’ in the form पाययन्त्यः? Which one prescribes the वकारादेश: in the form पक्वम् used in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Who doesn’t like cakes?” Paraphrase to “Unto whom are cakes not pleasing.” Use √रुच् (रुचँ दीप्तावभिप्रीतौ च १. ८४७) for ‘to please.’ To express the meaning of ‘unto’ use चतुर्थी विभक्ति: with ‘whom.’

Easy questions:

1. Which वार्तिकम् prevents the application of the सूत्रम् 6-4-148 यस्येति च in the form लोचने (नपुंसकलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘लोचन’, द्वितीया-द्विवचनम्)?

2. From which verbal root is ययुः derived?