Today we will look at the form क्षयाय mDs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.51.40.

तथाप्यद्यतनान्यङ्ग शृणुष्व गदतो मम । विज्ञापितो विरिञ्चेन पुराहं धर्मगुप्तये । भूमेर्भारायमाणानामसुराणां क्षयाय च ।। १०-५१-४० ।।
अवतीर्णो यदुकुले गृह आनकदुन्दुभेः । वदन्ति वासुदेवेति वसुदेवसुतं हि माम् ।। १०-५१-४१ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
No commentary on these verses.

Gita Press translation – Nevertheless, O beloved monarch, hear from Me, as I tell you, of those relating to the present day. Prayed of yore by Brahmā (the creator) for the vindication of virtue and the extermination of the demons that were proving a (veritable) burden to the earth, I have appeared in the house of Ānakadundubhi (Vasudeva) in the race of Yadu. They call Me by the name of Vāsudeva because of My being the most distinguished son of Vasudeva (although I have been known by this name even before in a different sense of course) (40-41).

क्षयणं क्षय:।

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्षय’ is derived from the verbal root √क्षि (क्षि निवासगत्योः ६. १४३).

(1) क्षि + अच् । By 3-3-56 एरच् – The affix अच् may be used following a verbal root ending in a इवर्ण: (इकार:/ईकार:) to denote either (i) the sense of the verbal root as having attained to a completed state or (ii) any कारक: except the agent of the action, provided the word so derived is a proper name.

See question 2.

(2) क्षि + अ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) क्षे + अ । By 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः – An अङ्गम् whose final letter is an इक् gets गुण-आदेशः, when a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: follows.

(4) क्षय् + अ = क्षय । By 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः।

‘क्षय’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

Note: घाजन्तश्च (लिङ्गानुशासनम् २.३) – A प्रातिपदिकम् ending in the affix ‘घ’ or ‘अच्’ is used in the masculine gender.

The विवक्षा here is चतुर्थी-एकवचनम्।

(5) क्षय + ङे । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्‌।

(6) क्षय + य । By 7-1-13 ङेर्यः – Following a प्रातिपदिकम् ending in an अकार:, the affix “ङे” (चतुर्थी-एकवचनम्) is replaced by “य”।

(7) क्षयाय । By 7-3-102 सुपि च – The ending अकारः of a प्रातिपदिकम् is elongated if it is followed by a सुँप् affix beginning with a letter of the यञ्-प्रत्याहार:।

Questions:

1. Where has क्षयाय been used in the गीता?

2. The affix ‘अच्’ prescribed by the सूत्रम् 3-3-56 एरच् (used in step 1) is a अपवाद: (exception) to which affix?

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-1-11 कर्तुः क्यङ् सलोपश्च been used in the verses?

4. Can you spot the substitution ‘शतृँ’ in the verses?

5. Which सूत्रम् prevents the augment ‘इट्’ in the form ‘अवतीर्ण’?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“At the close (end/termination) of the night, the stars disappear.” Use the verbal root √ली (लीङ् श्लेषणे ४. ३४) with the उपसर्ग: ‘वि’ for ‘to disappear.’

Easy questions:

1. Why is शृणुष्व a आर्ष-प्रयोग: (irregular grammatical usage)?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-3-19 लोपः शाकल्यस्य been used in the verses?