Today we will look at the form जिगीषसि 2As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.11.4.

नटवन्मूढ मायाभिर्मायेशान्नो जिगीषसि । जित्वा बालान्निबद्धाक्षान्नटो हरति तद्धनम् ॥ ८-११-४ ॥
आरुरुक्षन्ति मायाभिरुत्सिसृप्सन्ति ये दिवम् । तान्दस्यून्विधुनोम्यज्ञान्पूर्वस्माच्च पदादधः ॥ ८-११-५ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
निबद्धान्यक्षीणि येषां तान्बालाञ्जित्वा नटः कपटवृत्तिर्यथा तेषां धनं हरति तथा हे मूढ, मायेशानस्माञ्जेतुमिच्छसि ॥ ४ ॥ मत्प्रभावं शृण्वित्याह – आरुरुक्षन्त्यारोढुमिच्छन्ति । ये चोत्सिसृप्सन्त्युल्लङ्घयितुमिच्छन्ति । मोक्षमिच्छन्तीत्यर्थः । अधो विधुनोमि पातयामि ॥ ५ ॥

Gita Press translation – Conquering fools whose eyes have been enchanted, a conjurer takes away their money. (Even so,) though no better than a conjurer, O fool, you seek to overpower us, lords of Māyā, by means of incantations! (4) Those foolish robbers who seek to ascend to heaven, nay, rise (even) beyond heaven (to still higher regions) by means of spells, I cast still lower down than their former abode (5).

जिगीषसि is a desiderative form derived from the धातुः √जि (जि जये १. ६४२, जि अभिभवे १. १०९६).

जि + सन् । As per 3-1-7 धातोः कर्मणः समानकर्तृकादिच्छायां वा – In order to express wish/desire, the affix सन् is optionally prescribed after a verbal root which underlies the object of and shares the same agent with the verbal root √इष् (इषुँ इच्छायाम् ६. ७८).

= जि + स । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Note: 7-2-10 एकाच उपदेशेऽनुदात्तात्‌ stops 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः।

= जी + स । By 6-4-16 अज्झनगमां सनि – When the affix सन् beginning with a झल् letter follows, there is an elongation of a verbal root which ends in a vowel, as well as of the verbal root √हन् (हनँ हिंसागत्योः २. २) and √गम् (“गम्”-आदेशः which comes in place of √इ (इङ् अध्ययने | नित्यमधिपूर्वः २. ४१) by 2-4-48 इङश्च).

By 1-2-9 इको झल् – The affix सन् is considered to be a कित् (having ककारः as a इत्) when it begins with a झल् letter and follows a verbal root that ends in a इक् letter. This allows 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च to stop 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः।

= जीस् जीस । By 6-1-9 सन्यङोः – There is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of a verbal root ending in the affix “सन्”/”यङ्” which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

= जी जीस । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः – Of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

= जि जीस । By 7-4-59 ह्रस्वः, the अच् (vowel) of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः) is substituted by a short vowel.

= जि गीस । By 7-3-57 सन्लिटोर्जेः – The जकार: of the verbal root √जि (जि जये १. ६४२, जि अभिभवे १. १०९६) takes a कवर्गादेश: (गकार:) when it follows a अभ्यास: which has been caused by the affix सन् or लिँट्।

= जि गीष । By 8-3-59 आदेशप्रत्यययो:, the letter “स्” is replaced by the cerebral “ष्” when preceded either by a letter of the इण्-प्रत्याहार: or a letter of the क-वर्ग: (“क्”, “ख्”, “ग्”, “घ्”, “ङ्”)। This substitution only takes place if the “स्” is an आदेश: (substitute) or part of a प्रत्यय: (affix.)

“जिगीष” has धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

In the धातु-पाठः, √जि has no इत् letters. It is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, √जि takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. Hence the सन्नन्त-धातुः “जिगीष” also takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: as per 1-3-62 पूर्ववत् सनः – A सन्नन्त-धातुः (verbal root ending in the affix “सन्”) takes a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यय: in the same manner as the verbal root to which the affix सन् is added.
Note: This implies that if the धातु: to which the affix सन् is added is आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी then the सन्नन्त-धातुः is correspondingly आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी।

The विवक्षा is लँट्, कर्तरि, मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

(1) जिगीष + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) जिगीष + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) जिगीष + सिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(4) जिगीष + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) जिगीष + शप् + सि । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent.

(6) जिगीष + अ + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) जिगीषसि । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

Questions:

1. Where has the verbal root √जि (जि जये १. ६४२, जि अभिभवे १. १०९६) been used for the first time in a तिङ्न्तं पदम् in the गीता?

2. From which verbal root is the form आरुरुक्षन्ति derived?

3. Which सूत्रम् is used for the इकारादेशः in the form उत्सिसृप्सन्ति?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-106 उतश्च प्रत्ययादसंयोगपूर्वात्‌ been used in the commentary?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I want to conquer my ego.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“We want to ascend the peak of Mt. Kailasa.” Use a verbal root from the verse for “to ascend.”

Easy Questions:

1. The form अक्षीणि is प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् of the नपुंसकलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् “अक्षि”। Can you recall a सूत्रम् in which पाणिनिः specifically mentions this प्रातिपदिकम्?

2. Why doesn’t this सूत्रम् (answer to question 1) apply in the form अक्षीणि?