Today we will look at the form तितिक्षेत 3As-विधिलिँङ् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 11.18.31.

वेदवादरतो न स्यान्न पाखण्डी न हैतुकः । शुष्कवादविवादे न कञ्चित्पक्षं समाश्रयेत् ॥ ११-१८-३० ॥
नोद्विजेत जनाद्धीरो जनं चोद्वेजयेन्न तु । अतिवादांस्तितिक्षेत नावमन्येत कञ्चन । देहमुद्दिश्य पशुवद्वैरं कुर्यान्न केनचित् ॥ ११-१८-३१ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
वेदवादरतः कर्मकाण्डव्याख्यानादिनिष्ठः । पाखण्डी श्रुतिस्मृतिविरुद्धधर्मानुष्ठानवान् । हैतुकः केवलतर्कनिष्ठः । शुष्कवादे निष्प्रयोजनगोष्ठ्यां यो विवादस्तस्मिन् ॥ ३० ॥ अतिवादान् दुरुक्तानि ॥ ३१ ॥

Gita Press translation – He should not take delight in expounding the section of the Vedas treating of ritual acts, nor should he observe any rules of conduct opposed to the injunctions of the Vedas and the Smṛti texts, nor should he be devoted to (empty) ratiocination, nor again should he take any side in a fruitless discussion (30). He should not be annoyed with anyone nor should he annoy anyone. With his mind (fully) controlled he should put up with abuses and should never show disrespect to anyone; nor should he for the sake of his body make enemies with anyone like a brute (31).

“तितिक्ष” is a सन्नन्त-धातुः derived from the verbal root √तिज् (तिजँ निशाने, भ्वादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #१. ११२६)

The अकारः at the end of “तिजँ” gets इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and takes लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(1) तिज् + सन् । As per 3-1-5 गुप्तिज्किद्भ्यः सन् – The affix सन् is employed after the verbal roots – √गुप् (गुपँ गोपने १. ११२५), √तिज् (तिजँ निशाने १. ११२६) and √कित् (कितँ निवासे रोगापनयने च १. ११४८).

As per the वार्तिकम् – तिजेः क्षमायाम् – The affix सन् is employed after the verbal root √तिज् (तिजँ निशाने १. ११२६) in the sense of “to endure/forbear.”

(2) तिज् + स । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: The सन् affix does not get the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा here, since it is not prescribed using the term “धातोः”। Therefore neither 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः nor 7-3-86 पुगन्तलघूपधस्य च applies here.

(3) तिज्स् तिज्स । By 6-1-9 सन्यङोः – There is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of a verbal root ending in the affix सन्/यङ् which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

(4) ति तिज्स । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः – Of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

(5) ति तिग्स । By 8-2-30 चोः कुः, the consonants of the च-वर्ग: (“च्”, “छ्”, “ज्”, “झ्”, “ञ्”) get the consonants of the क-वर्ग: (“क्”, “ख्”, “ग्”, “घ्”, “ङ्”) as a replacement when they occur at the end of a पदम् or when they are followed by a झल् letter.

(6) तितिग्ष । By 8-3-59 आदेशप्रत्यययो:, the letter “स्” is replaced by the cerebral “ष्” when preceded either by a letter of the इण्-प्रत्याहार: or a letter of the क-वर्ग: (“क्”, “ख्”, “ग्”, “घ्”, “ङ्”)। This substitution only takes place if the “स्” is an आदेश: (substitute) or part of a प्रत्यय: (affix.)

(7) तितिक्ष । By 8-4-55 खरि च।

“तितिक्ष” has धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

In the धातु-पाठः, the ending अकारः (which has इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्) of “तिजँ” has a अनुदात्त-स्वरः। Therefore as per 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् the verbal root √तिज् takes आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः।
Hence the सन्नन्त-धातुः “तितिक्ष” is also आत्मनेपदी as per 1-3-62 पूर्ववत् सनः – A सन्नन्त-धातुः (verbal root ending in the affix “सन्”) takes a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यय: in the same manner as the verbal root to which the affix सन् is added.
Note: This implies that if the धातु: to which the affix सन् is added is आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी then the सन्नन्त-धातुः is correspondingly आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी।

The विवक्षा is विधिलिँङ्, कर्तरि प्रयोगः, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

(8) तितिक्ष + लिँङ् । By 3-3-161 विधिनिमन्त्रणामन्त्रणाधीष्टसंप्रश्नप्रार्थनेषु लिङ् , the affix लिङ् is prescribed after a धातुः when used in the sense of command, direction, invitation, request, inquiry and entreaty.

(9) तितिक्ष + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(10) तितिक्ष + त । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “त” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(11) तितिक्ष + सीयुट् त । By 3-4-102 लिङस्सीयुट् – The affixes of लिँङ् get सीयुट् as the augment.

(12) तितिक्ष + सीय् त । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Note: In the सीयुट्-आगमः, the उकारः before the टकारः is उच्चारणार्थ:।

(13) तितिक्ष + शप् + सीय् त । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent.

(14) तितिक्ष + अ + सीय् त । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(15) तितिक्ष + अ + ई य् त । By 7-2-79 लिङः सलोपोऽनन्‍त्‍यस्‍य, the सकारः of a सार्वधातुक-लिङ् affix is elided, provided it is not the final letter of the affix.

(16) तितिक्ष + अ + ई त । By 6-1-66 लोपो व्योर्वलि, a वकारः or a यकारः is elided when it is followed by a letter of the वल्-प्रत्याहारः।

(17) तितिक्ष + ई त । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

(18) तितिक्षेत । By 6-1-87 आद्गुणः।

Questions:

1. In the गीता where has the affix सन् been used with the verbal root √तिज् (तिजँ निशाने १. ११२६)?

2. Commenting on the affix सन् prescribed by 3-1-5 गुप्तिज्किद्भ्यः सन् (and 3-1-6 मान्बधदान्शान्भ्यो दीर्घश्चाभ्यासस्य) the सिद्धान्त-कौमुदी says धातोरित्यविहितत्वात्सनोऽत्र नार्धधातुकत्वम् । तेनेड्गुणौ न । Please explain.

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-109 ये च been used in the verses?

4. Can you spot an affix “श” in the verses?

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Who would put up with this non-sense?” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “अनर्थक” (in the neuter) for “non-sense.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You should not put up with this insult.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “अपमान” for “insult.”

Easy Questions:

1. Where is the सूत्रम् 6-1-103 तस्माच्छसो नः पुंसि been used in the commentary?

2. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“This is my friend’s car.”