Today we will look at the form अमूमुचत् 3As-लुँङ् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.1.31.

श्रीराजोवाच
बादरायण एतत्ते श्रोतुमिच्छामहे वयम् । हरिर्यथा गजपतिं ग्राहग्रस्तममूमुचत् ।। ८-१-३१ ।।
तत्कथासु महत्पुण्यं धन्यं स्वस्त्ययनं शुभम् । यत्र यत्रोत्तमश्लोको भगवान्गीयते हरिः ।। ८-१-३२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
अमूमुचत् मोचयामास ।। ३१ ।। श्रवणेच्छायां हेतुः – तत्कथासु तासु कथासु । सा कथैव वा सुमहत्पुण्यम् । पुण्यस्य विशेषणं धन्यमित्यादि ।। ३२ ।।

Gita Press translation – The king (Parīkṣit) submitted: O son of Bādarāyaṇa (the sage Vedavyāsa, so-called because he has his abode in a thicket of jujube trees), we long to hear from you the story as to how Śrī Hari delivered the (said) king of elephants, seized by an alligator (31). That (alone) of (all) stories is highly sacred, praiseworthy, conducive to blessedness and auspicious, in which Lord Śrī Hari of excellent renown is celebrated (32).

अमूमुचत् is a causative form derived from the धातुः √मुच् (तुदादि-गणः, मुचॢँ मोक्षणे (मोचने), धातु-पाठः # ६. १६६)

The ending ऌकार: of “मुचॢँ” is a इत् by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and takes लोपः by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

The विवक्षा here is लुँङ्, कर्तरि प्रयोग: (हेतुमति), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

मुच् + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च  – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.
= मुच् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
= मोच् + इ । By 7-3-86 पुगन्तलघूपधस्य च, when a अङ्गम् is followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्ययः, then its इक्-letter takes गुण-आदेशः in the following two cases:
i) The अङ्गम् ends in a “पुक्”-आगमः। or ii) The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् has the लघु-सञ्ज्ञा।
= मोचि । “मोचि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

As a general rule, a धातुः ending in the affix “णिच्” can take आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः by 1-3-74 णिचश्च and परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः by 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्। In this example “मोचि” has taken a परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययः।

(1) मोचि + लुँङ् । By 3-2-110 लुङ्, the affix लुँङ् is prescribed after a verbal root when used in the sense of past.

(2) मोचि + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) मोचि + तिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “तिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(4) मोचि + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) मोचि + त् । By 3-4-100 इतश्च, the ending इकारः of a परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययः which came in the place of a ङित्-लकारः is elided.

(6) मोचि + च्लि + त् । By 3-1-43 च्लि लुङि, when लुँङ् follows, the प्रत्यय: “च्लि” is prescribed after a verbal root.
Note: This सूत्रम् is a अपवाद: for 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ etc.

(7) मोचि + चङ् + त् । By 3-1-48 णिश्रिद्रुस्रुभ्यः कर्तरि चङ् – In the active voice, the affix “च्लि” takes the substitute “चङ्” when following a verbal root ending in the affix “णि” or the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४) or √द्रु (द्रु गतौ १. १०९५) or √स्रु (स्रु गतौ १. १०९०).

Note: This सूत्रम् is अपवादः (exception) for 3-1-44 च्लेः सिच्।

(8) मोचि + अ + त् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(9) मुचि + अ + त् । By 7-4-1 णौ चङ्युपधाया ह्रस्वः – There is a shortening of the penultimate letter (vowel) of a अङ्गम् which is followed by the affix “णि” which itself is followed by the affix “चङ्”। As per 1-1-48 एच इग्घ्रस्वादेशे – When a ह्रस्वः (short vowel) is to be substituted in place of a एच् letter (“ए”, “ओ”, “ऐ”, “औ”), the substitute should be a इक् letter (“इ”, “उ”, “ऋ”, “ऌ”) only.

(10) मुच् मुचि + अ + त् । By 6-1-11 चङि – When the affix “चङ्” follows a verbal root, there is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of the verbal root which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

(11) मु मुचि + अ + त् । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः – Of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

(12) मू मुचि + अ + त् । By 7-4-94 दीर्घो लघोः – In the context where an affix has सन्वद्भावः (behaves as if it is the affix “सन्”) by 7-4-93 सन्वल्लघुनि चङ्परेऽनग्लोपे, a prosodically short (लघु) vowel of the अभ्यासः (reduplicate) is elongated.
Note: 7-4-94 cannot apply unless the conditions specified in 7-4-93 are satisfied first.

Note: As per 7-4-93 सन्वल्लघुनि चङ्परेऽनग्लोपे – The operations on a reduplicate (अभ्यासः) belonging to a अङ्गम् which is followed by the affix “णि” which itself is followed by the affix “चङ्”, are done as if the affix “सन्” follows, provided the following two conditions are satisfied – i) the vowel (in this case the उकारः in “मुचि”) following the अभ्यासः is लघु (prosodically short) and ii) there is no elision (based on the affix “णि”) of a अक् letter.

(13) मू मुच् + अ + त् । By 6-4-51 णेरनिटि – The “णि”-प्रत्यय: is elided when followed by an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: which does not have the augment इट्।

Note: Since the affix “अ” (चङ्) does not begin with a वल् letter it cannot take the “इट्”-आगमः (by 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः।)

(14) अट् मू मुच् + अ + त् । By 6-4-71 लुङ्लङ्लृङ्क्ष्वडुदात्तः – When followed by लुँङ्, लँङ् or लृँङ्, an अङ्गम् gets the “अट्”-आगमः which is उदात्तः। 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ places the “अट्”-आगमः at the beginning of the अङ्गम्।

(15) अमूमुचत् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Questions:

1. In the first verse of which Chapter of the गीता has the verbal root √मुच् (मुचॢँ मोक्षणे (मोचने) ६. १६६) been used in a तिङन्तं पदम्?

2. What is the purpose of having ऌकार: as a इत् in “मुचॢँ”?

3. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-4-1 णौ चङ्युपधाया ह्रस्वः, the काशिका says चङि इति किम्? कारयति। Please explain.

4. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-4-94 दीर्घो लघोः, the तत्त्वबोधिनी says “लघुनि चङ्परेऽनग्लोपे” इति सर्वमिहानुवर्तते। Please explain.

5. Which सूत्रम् is used for ईकारादेशः in the form गीयते?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“The teacher freed the disciple from delusion.” Use the same verbal form as in this example for “freed” and use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “मोह” for delusion.

Easy Questions:

1. Where has the प्रातिपदिकम् “अस्मद्” been used in the verses?

2. Can you spot a place in the verses where सन्धि-कार्यम् has not been done?