Today we will look at the form ईयुः 3Ap-लिँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.25.33.

शङ्खदुन्दुभयो नेदुर्दिवि देवप्रणोदिताः । जगुर्गन्धर्वपतयस्तुम्बुरुप्रमुखा नृप ।। १०-२५-३२ ।।
ततोऽनुरक्तैः पशुपैः परिश्रितो राजन्स गोष्ठं सबलोऽव्रजद्धरिः । तथाविधान्यस्य कृतानि गोपिका गायन्त्य ईयुर्मुदिता हृदिस्पृशः ।। १०-२५-३३ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
ततो गोवर्धनस्थानात् । अस्य श्रीकृष्णस्य तथाविधानि गोवर्धनोद्धरणादिरूपाणि कृतानि कर्माणि गायन्त्य ईयुर्ययुः । कथंभूताः । एवं प्रेम्णा हृदि स्पृशन्तीति हृदिस्पृशस्ताः । यद्वा कथंभूतस्य । प्रेष्ठत्वेन तासां हृदि स्पृशतीति हृदिस्पृक् तस्य ।। ३३ ।।

Gita Press translation “Prompted by the gods, conchs and kettledrums sounded in the heavens; while Gandharva chiefs – the foremost of whom was Tumburu – sang, O protector of men! (32) Surrounded by loving cowherds and accompanied by Balarāma, O king, the said Śrī Hari went back from that place to Vraja. Full of delight the cowherd women (too) returned (to their respective homes) celebrating such exploits (as the uplifting of Govardhana) of Śrī Kṛṣṇa (who had captivated their heart).(33)”

ईयुः is derived from the धातुः √इ (इण् गतौ, अदादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #२. ४०)

The ending णकार: of “इण्” gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and takes लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। This धातु: is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। (Neither 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् nor 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले applies.) Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, in कर्तरि प्रयोग: √इ takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. As per 1-4-99 लः परस्मैपदम्, 1-4-100 तङानावात्मनेपदम्, the nine प्रत्यया: from “तिप्” to “मस्” get the परस्मैपद-सञ्ज्ञा। So √इ can take only one of these nine प्रत्यया: in कर्तरि प्रयोग:।

The विवक्षा is लिँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, प्रथम-पुरुषः, बहुवचनम्।

(1) इ + लिँट् । By 3-2-115 परोक्षे लिँट् , the affix लिँट् (Perfect Tense) comes after a verbal root in the sense of the past not of today, provided that the action is unperceived by the narrator.

(2) इ + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) इ + झि । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “झि” as the substitute for the लकारः। By 3-4-115 लिट् च, a तिङ्-प्रत्यय: which comes in place of लिँट् gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा। Therefore “झि” gets the आर्धधातुक-सञ्ज्ञा। This prevents 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ (which requires a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: to follow) from applying.

(4) इ + उस् । By 3-4-82 परस्मैपदानां णलतुसुस्थलथुसणल्वमाः, when they come in place of लिँट्, the nine परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: – “तिप्”, “तस्”, “झि”, “सिप्”, “थस्”, “थ”, “मिप्”, “वस्” and “मस्” – are substituted by “णल्”, “अतुस्”, “उस्”, “थल्”, “अथुस्”, “अ”, “णल्”, “व” and “म” respectively.
1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending सकार: of “उस्” from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(5) इ इ + उस् । By 6-1-8 लिटि धातोरनभ्यासस्य , when लिँट् follows a verbal root, there is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of the verbal root which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

Note: As per 1-2-5 असंयोगाल्लिट् कित्, “उस्” is a कित् here. This allows 1-1-5 क्क्ङिति च to block 7-3-84 सार्वधातुकार्धधातुकयोः।
Note: As per 1-1-59 द्विर्वचनेऽचि, we apply 6-1-8 लिटि धातोरनभ्यासस्य before applying 6-4-81 इणो यण्।

(6) ई इ + उस् । By 7-4-69 दीर्घ इणः किति, when followed by a लिँट्-प्रत्यय: which is कित् (has ककार: as a इत्), there is an elongation of the vowel in the अभ्यास: of the verbal root √इ (इण् गतौ २. ४०)।

(7) ई य् + उस् । By 6-4-81 इणो यण्, the verbal root √इ (इण् गतौ #२. ४०), gets यण् as the replacement when followed by an अजादि-प्रत्यय: (vowel-beginning affix).

(8) ईयुः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ – 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः ।

Questions:

1. Where has √इ (इण् गतौ #२. ४०) been used in a तिङन्तं पदम् for the last time in the गीता?

2. In which of the nine forms in the conjugation table of √इ (इण् गतौ #२. ४०) with लँट् is 6-4-81 इणो यण् (used in step 7 of this example) used?

3. The form जगुः used in the verses is derived from which verbal root?

4. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-120 अत एकहल्मध्येऽनादेशादेर्लिटि been used in the verses?

5. Can you spot the affix “श” in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Seeing Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s (amorous) sport, even the gods were extremely amazed.” Paraphrase this to “Seeing Śrī Kṛṣṇa’s (amorous) sport, even the gods went to extreme amazement.” Use the अव्ययम् “दृष्ट्वा” for “seeing/having seen”, the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् “लीला” for “(amorous) sport”, the adjective प्रातिपदिकम् “परम” for “extreme” and the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् “विस्मय” for “amazement.”

Easy Questions:

1. Consider the सन्धि-कार्यम् between अव्रजत् + हरिः = अव्रजद्धरिः। What would be an optional form (instead of अव्रजद्धरिः)?

2. Can you spot two places in the verses where 6-1-113 अतो रोरप्लुतादप्लुते has been used?