Today we will look at the form गोप्तास्मि 1As-लुँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.17.18.

त्वयार्चितश्चाहमपत्यगुप्तये पयोव्रतेनानुगुणं समीडितः । स्वांशेन पुत्रत्वमुपेत्य ते सुतान्गोप्तास्मि मारीचतपस्यधिष्ठितः ।। ८-१७-१८ ।।
उपधाव पतिं भद्रे प्रजापतिमकल्मषम् । मां च भावयती पत्यावेवंरूपमवस्थितम् ।। ८-१७-१९ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
मारीचस्य तपस्यधिष्ठाय स्थितः सन् गोप्तास्मि पालयिष्यामि ।। १८ ।। अतः पतिमुपधाव भजस्व ।। १९ ।।

Gita Press translation “Worshipped in the proper way for the protection of your sons through (the observance of the vow called) Payovrata and duly extolled by you, I shall assume the role of a son to you, entering by a part of My Being the procreative energy of the sage Kaśyapa (a son of Marīcī), and protect your progeny.(18) (Therefore,) seek your consort, the faultless Kaśyapa (a lord of created beings), O blessed lady, visualizing Me as present in this (very) form (standing before you) in the person of your husband.(19)”

गोप्तास्मि is derived from the धातुः √गुप् (गुपूँ रक्षणे, भ्वादि-गणः, धातु-पाठः #१. ४६१)

The ending ऊकारः (which is an इत्) of “गुपूँ” has a उदात्त-स्वरः। Thus √गुप् is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। (Neither 1-3-12 अनुदात्तङित आत्मनेपदम् nor 1-3-72 स्वरितञितः कर्त्रभिप्राये क्रियाफले applies.) Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, in कर्तरि प्रयोग:, √गुप् takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default.

By 3-1-31 आयादय आर्धधातुके वा – When the intention is to add a आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय:, the affixes “आय” etc. (prescribed by the prior three rules – 3-1-28 गुपूधूपविच्छिपणिपनिभ्य आयः, 3-1-29 ऋतेरीयङ् and 3-1-30 कमेर्णिङ्) are added to the धातु: only optionally.

In the present example the affix “आय” (which is optional by 3-1-31) has not been added to √गुप्। See question 2.

The विवक्षा is लुँट्, कर्तरि प्रयोग:, उत्तम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

(1) गुप् + लुँट् । By 3-3-15 अनद्यतने लुट्, the affix लुँट् is prescribed after a धातुः when used in the sense of future not of today.

(2) गुप् + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) गुप् + मिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates the प्रत्ययः “मिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(4) गुप् + मि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) गुप् + तासिँ + मि । By 3-1-33 स्यतासी लृलुटोः, the affixes “स्य” and “तासिँ” are prescribed after a धातुः when followed by “लृँ” (लृँट् or लृँङ्) or लुँट् respectively.

Note: This rule is a अपवाद: for 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ etc.

(6) गुप् + तास् + मि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

Note: “गुपूँ” is an ऊदित् (has ऊकारः as a इत्)। By 7-2-44 स्वरतिसूतिसूयतिधूञूदितो वा, an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: beginning with a letter of the वल्-प्रत्याहारः optionally gets the augment इट् when following a verbal root that is ऊदित् (has ऊकार: as a इत्) or the verbal root √स्वृ (स्वृ शब्दोपतापयोः १. १०८१) or √सू (षूङ् प्राणिगर्भविमोचने २. २५) or √सू (षूङ् प्राणिप्रसवे ४. २७) or √धू (धूञ् कम्पने ५. १०, ९. २०).
In the present example the augment “इट्” has not been added. See question 3.

(7) गोप्तास्मि । By 7-3-86 पुगन्तलघूपधस्य च, when a अङ्गम् is followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्ययः or an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्ययः, then its इक्-letter takes गुण-आदेशः in the following two cases:
i) The अङ्गम् ends in a पुक्-आगमः।
or
ii) The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् has the लघु-सञ्ज्ञा।

Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 3-1-33 स्यतासी लृलुटोः (used in step 5 of the example) been used for the last time in the गीता?

2. What would be the final form in this example if the optional affix “आय” were to be added to √गुप्?

3. What would be the final form in this example if the optional augment “इट्” were to be added to the affix “तास्” after step 6?

4. Which सूत्रम् has been used for the elision of the affix “हि” in the form उपधाव used in the verses?

5. Where has 3-4-91 सवाभ्यां वामौ been used in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Dharma alone will protect you.”

Easy Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-118 औत्‌ been used in the verses?

2. Which term used in the verses has the नदी-सञ्ज्ञा?