Today we will look at the form दम्पती mNd from श्रीमद्भागवतम् verse 11.7.59.

प्रजाः पुपुषतुः प्रीतौ दम्पती पुत्रवत्सलौ । शृण्वन्तौ कूजितं तासां निर्वृतौ कलभाषितैः ।। ११-७-५९ ।।
तासां पतत्रैः सुस्पर्शैः कूजितैर्मुग्धचेष्टितैः । प्रत्युद्गमैरदीनानां पितरौ मुदमापतुः ।। ११-७-६० ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
पतत्रैः पक्षैः । अदीनानां हृष्टानाम् ।। ६० ।।

Gita Press translation – Hearing their cooing and delighted by their sweet chirping, the pair, fond as they were of their offsprings, nourished them with (great) affection (59). The parents derived (great) joy through (the touch of) the feathers, (so) pleasant to touch, (sweet) chirps and charming movements of their happy youngs and their coming forth to meet them (60).

(1) जाया च पतिश्च = जायापती/दम्पती/जम्पती – wife and husband

(2) जाया सुँ + पति सुँ । By 2-2-29 चार्थे द्वन्द्वः – Two or more terms having the designation पदम् and standing in a relation expressible by ‘च’ (‘and’) may optionally compound to yield a compound called द्वन्द्वः। Here ‘पति’ has the designation ‘घि’ as per the सूत्रम् 1-4-8 पतिः समास एव and hence as per the सूत्रम् 2-2-32 द्वन्द्वे घि we should place ‘पति सुँ’ in the prior position in the compound.

(4) जाया सुँ + पति सुँ । By 2-2-31 राजदन्तादिषु परम्‌ – In the list of compounds ‘राजदन्त’ etc the term which ought to be placed in the prior position in the compound is actually placed in the latter position. In spite of the सूत्रम् 2-2-32 द्वन्द्वे घि, ‘पति सुँ’ is placed in the final position in the compound in order to arrive at the compound जायापती as listed in the राजदन्तादि-गण:। Note: ‘जाया सुँ + पति सुँ’ gets the designation प्रातिपदिकम्‌ by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। This allows 2-4-71 to apply in the next step.

(5) जाया + पति । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

= जायापति ।

Note: जायाशब्दस्य जम्भावो दम्भावश्च वा निपात्यते – The compounds जम्पती and दम्पती are listed in the राजदन्तादि-गण: hence we conclude that ‘जाया’ may optionally take the form ‘जम्’ or ‘दम्’ in the compound जायापती to give the two optional compound forms जम्पती and दम्पती।

As per the सूत्रम् 2-4-26 परवल्लिङ्गं द्वन्द्वतत्पुरुषयोः, the compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘जायापति’ or ‘जम्पति’ or ‘दम्पति’ is masculine since the final member ‘पति’ is masculine. This द्वन्द्वः compound (which expresses इतरेतरयोगः) is dual in number because it has two members. It declines like हरि-शब्द:।

The विवक्षा is प्रथमा ।

(6) दम्पति + औ । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्

(7) दम्पती । By 6-1-102 प्रथमयोः पूर्वसवर्णः – When an अक् letter is followed by a vowel (अच्) of the first (nominative) or second (accusative) case then for the two of them (अक् + अच्) there is a single substitute which is the elongated form of the first member (the अक् letter.)

Questions:

1. Can you spot a कर्मधारयः compound in the verses?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 2-2-6 नञ्‌ been used in the verses?

3. Which कृत् affix is used the derive the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् ‘पतत्र’ (used in the form पतत्रैः (तृतीया-बहुवचनम्) in the verses)? Hint: The विग्रह: is ‘पतन्तं त्रायते’।

4. In which sense has a third case affix been used in the words (सुस्पर्शैः) पतत्रैः, कूजितै:, मुग्धचेष्टितैः and प्रत्युद्गमै: in the verses?
i. कर्तरि
ii. करणे
iii. हेतौ
iv. None of the above

5. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix ल्युट् used in the form ‘चेष्टित’ (as part of the compound मुग्धचेष्टितैः) in the verses?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“A couple (husband and wife) should avoid argumentation.” Paraphrase to “Argumentation is to be avoided by a couple.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विवाद’ for ‘argumentation.’ Form a potential participle using the कृत्य-प्रत्ययः ’अनीयर्’ with the verbal root √वृज् (वृजीँ वर्जने १०. ३४४) for ‘to be avoided.’

Easy questions:

1. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘अतुस्’ (in place of the affix ‘तस्’) in the forms पुपुषतुः and आपतुः?

2. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-1-52 आमि सर्वनाम्नः सुट् been used in the verses?