Today we will look at the form धौतानि nAp from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 10.41.32.

रजकं कञ्चिदायान्तं रङ्गकारं गदाग्रजः । दृष्ट्वायाचत वासांसि धौतान्यत्युत्तमानि च ।। १०-४१-३२ ।।
देह्यावयोः समुचितान्यङ्ग वासांसि चार्हतोः । भविष्यति परं श्रेयो दातुस्ते नात्र संशयः ।। १०-४१-३३ ।।
स याचितो भगवता परिपूर्णेन सर्वतः । साक्षेपं रुषितः प्राह भृत्यो राज्ञः सुदुर्मदः ।। १०-४१-३४ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
रजको वस्त्रनिर्णेजकः स एव वस्त्राणां रङ्गमपि कुर्वन् रङ्गकारः ।। ३२ ।। ।।३३।। रुषितः कुपितः ।। ३४ ।।

Gita Press translation – Seeing a certain washerman, who was (also) a dyer (of clothes), coming (that way), Śrī Kṛṣṇa (the elder Brother of Gada) asked of him the very best and well-washed clothes (in the following words) – (32) “(Please) give Us both – who deserve the gift (from you) – eminently suitable clothes, O dear one! The highest blessing will be yours if you make the gift: there is no doubt about it.” (33) Solicited (thus) by the Lord, who was most perfect in every way, that extremely arrogant servant of Kaṁsa (the king of Mathurā,) angrily and tauntingly replied (as follows): – (34)

The प्रातिपदिकम् ‘धौत’ is derived from the verbal root √धाव् (धावुँ गतिशुद्ध्योः १. ६८५). The ending उकार: of ‘धावुँ’ gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत् and takes लोप: by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Hence the verbal root ‘धावुँ’ is उदित्।

(1) धाव् + क्त । By 3-2-102 निष्ठा – The affix “निष्ठा” (ref. 1-1-26) may be used following a verbal root when denoting an action in the past tense. As per 3-4-70 तयोरेव कृत्यक्तखलर्थाः – The affixes having the designation “कृत्य”, the affix “क्त” and the affixes that have the sense of “खल्” (ref: 3-3-126 ईषद्दुःसुषु कृच्छ्राकृच्छ्रार्थेषु खल्) are only used to denote the action (भावः) or the object (कर्म)।

(2) धाव् + त । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
Note: The affix ‘त’ is prevented from taking the augment ‘इट्’ (which would have been done by 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः) by 7-2-15 यस्य विभाषा – If a verbal root optionally allows an augment इट् in some case, then following that verbal root a निष्ठा affix (ref. 1-1-26) is prohibited from taking the augment इट्। Note: 7-2-15 is applicable here because as per 7-2-56 उदितो वा – When following a verbal root which is उदित् (has उकार: as a इत्), the affix ‘क्त्वा’ optionally takes the augment इट्।

(3) धा ऊठ् + त । By 6-4-19 च्छ्वोः शूडनुनासिके च – The letter ‘छ्’ (along with the augment ‘तुँक्’) and the letter ‘व्’ is replaced respectively by the letter ‘श्’ and ‘ऊठ्’ when followed by either –
(i) any affix which begins with a nasal or
(ii) the affix ‘क्विँ’ or
(iii) any affix which begins with a letter of the ‘झल्’-प्रत्याहार: and is marked by either the letter ‘क्’ or ‘ङ्’।

(4) धा ऊ + त । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) धौत । By 6-1-89 एत्येधत्यूठ्सु – वृद्धिः is the single substitute in place of the ending अवर्ण: (letter ‘अ’ or ‘आ’) of a उपसर्गः and the following either –
(i) a एच् letter belonging to √इ (इण् गतौ २. ४०) or √एध् (एधँ वृद्धौ १. २) or
(ii) the term ‘ऊठ्’।

‘धौत’ gets प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च – A word form that ends in a कृत्-प्रत्ययः or a तद्धित-प्रत्ययः and so also compounds gets the name प्रातिपदिकम्।

The विवक्षा is नपुंसकलिङ्गे द्वितीया-बहुवचनम् ।

(6) धौत + शस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्।

(7) धौत + शि । By 7-1-20 जश्शसोः शिः – The affixes ‘जस्’ and ‘शस्’ get ‘शि’ as the replacement when they follow a neuter अङ्गम्। ‘शि’ gets सर्वनामस्थानसंज्ञा by 1-1-42 शि सर्वनामस्थानम्।

(8) धौत + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and takes लोपः by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः

(9) धौत नुँम् + इ । By 7-1-72 नपुंसकस्य झलचः – When a सर्वनामस्थानम् affix follows, the neuter bases that end in a झल् letter or an अच् (vowel) get the नुँम् augment. As per 1-1-47 मिदचोऽन्त्यात्परः, the ‘नुँम्’-आगम: is placed after the last अच् (the अकार: after the तकार:) in ‘धौत’।

(10) धौत न् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(11) धौतान् + इ = धौतानि । By 6-4-8 सर्वनामस्थाने चासम्बुद्धौ – The penultimate letter of the अङ्गम् (base) ending in a नकार: gets elongated if it is followed by a non-vocative affix having the designation सर्वनामस्थानम्।

Questions:

1. The वृत्ति: of the सूत्रम् 6-4-19 च्छ्वोः शूडनुनासिके च (used in step 3) says – सतुक्‍कस्‍य छस्‍य वस्‍य च क्रामात् ‘श्’ ‘ऊठ्’ इत्‍यादेशौ स्‍तोऽनुनासिके क्‍वौ झलादौ च क्ङिति। Commenting on this the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – सतुक्कस्य किम्? विच्छप्रच्छाभ्यां नङ्प्रत्यये छकारस्य शकारे कृते तुकोऽश्रवणं यथा स्यात्। Please explain.

2. Commenting further on the सूत्रम् 6-4-19 च्छ्वोः शूडनुनासिके च the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – सूत्रस्थेन चशब्देन क्विझलोः क्ङितीत्यनुकृष्यते। Please explain.

3. In the verses can you spot two words in which the सूत्रम् 3-2-124 लटः शतृशानचावप्रथमासमानाधिकरणे has been used?

4. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix ‘अण्’ in रङ्गकारम्?

5. From which verbal root is the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘निर्णेजक’ (used as part of the compound वस्त्रनिर्णेजकः in the commentary) derived?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I just (now) washed my hands.” Use the combination of the अव्ययम् ‘अधुना + एव’ for ‘just now.’ Use the affix ‘क्तवतुँ’ for expressing the past tense.

Easy questions:

1. Can you spot the augment अट् in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘ए’ in देहि?