2 Comments

1. Questions:
   1. Which other सर्वनामस्थान-प्रत्यया: can come after the प्रातिपदिकम् “चतुर्” ?
   From 1-1-43 सुँडनपुंसकस्य , “सुँ औ जस् अम् औट् ” are five सर्वनामस्थान-प्रत्यया: in the masculine or feminine.
   The “चतुर्”-शब्द: is नित्यम् बहुवचनान्त: . Out of the five “सुँ औ जस् अम् औट् ” only जस् is a बहुवचन-प्रत्ययः. That’s why, no other सर्वनामस्थान-प्रत्यय: can come after the प्रातिपदिकम् “चतुर्” in the masculine or feminine.

   2. Where does the word “चत्वारः” come in the गीता?
   महर्षयः सप्त पूर्वे चत्वारो मनवस्तथा।
   मद्भावा मानसा जाता येषां लोक इमाः प्रजाः॥
   chapter 10 verse 6

   3. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-3-103 बहुवचने झल्येत् been used in this verse?

   भूतेषु
   The प्रातिपदिकम् is ‘भूत’ and the विवक्षा is सप्तमी-बहुवचनम्
   भूत + सुप् = भूत + सु (1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः)
   = भूते + सु (7-3-103 बहुवचने झल्येत्)
   = भूतेषु (8-3-59 आदेशप्रत्यययोः)

   4. The अमरकोश: gives four synonyms for the word “पुत्र” . Can you list them along with their genders?

   The four synonyms are
   आत्मजः (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आत्मज’, masculine)
   तनयः (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तनय’, masculine)
   सूनुः (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘सूनु’, masculine)
   सुतः (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘सुत’, masculine)

   Note: Just because the meaning of a word is of a particular gender, it doesn’t necessarily mean that the word itself is of that gender. For example there is a प्रातिपदिकम् “दार” (masculine) and “कलत्र” (neuter) – both meaning “wife.” Most of the time the gender of a word and its meaning will match, but not always.

   5. Based on this example, please construct the following sentence in Sanskrit – “Three daughters will be born to the commander-in-chief.” Use the प्रातिपदिकम् “दुहितृ” for daughter and “सेनापति” for commander-in-chief. In general, the correct order of terms in prose is subject (कर्ता), object (कर्म) and then the verb (क्रियापदम्) . For example, राम: सीतां पश्यति । मारुतिर्लङ्कां दहति । etc. Please use this order when composing sentences.

   सेनापतेः , तिस्रः , दुहितरः , भविष्यन्ति = सेनापतेस्तिस्रो दुहितरो भविष्यन्ति।

   6. Which word in the verse translates to “well-known”?
   विश्रुताः

   7. Please derive the प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “चतुर्” in the feminine.
   ‘चतुर्’ gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्. The विवक्षा here is स्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्. 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘चतुर्’.
   चतुर् + जस्
   चतसृ + जस् (7-2-99 त्रिचतुरोः स्त्रियां तिसृ-चतसृ )
   चतसृ+ अस् ( अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः. 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः stops the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा (which would have come by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् ) for the ending सकारः)
   चतस् र् + अस् = चतस्रस् (रेफादेशः 7-2-100 अचि र ऋतः )
   चतस्रः ( Applying रुँत्व-विसर्गौ 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः )

   8. From where does the अनुवृत्ति: of “सर्वनामस्थाने” come into the सूत्रम् 7-1-98 चतुरनडुहोरामुदात्तः ?
   From 7-1-86 इतोऽत् सर्वनामस्थाने

   9. By which सूत्रम् did the जस्-प्रत्यय: get the सर्वनामस्थान-सञ्ज्ञा (which was required to apply 7-1-98) in this example?
   1-1-43 सुँडनपुंसकस्य

   Easy questions:
   1. Please give the प्रत्याहार: corresponding to each of the following (if possible):
   a) All letters (vowels + consonants)
   अल्
   b) All consonants except the यकार:
   वल्
   c) All vowels except the अकार:
   इच्
   d) The two letters – रेफ: and लकार:
   रँ
   e) All consonants except semi-vowels and nasals
   झल्
   f) All consonants except the हकार:
   यर्
   g) Set of five letters containing the first letter of each वर्ग: (क-वर्ग:, च-वर्ग:, ट-वर्ग:, त-वर्ग:, प-वर्ग:)
   चय्
   h) Set of five letters containing the second letter of each वर्ग: (क-वर्ग:, च-वर्ग:, ट-वर्ग:, त-वर्ग:, प-वर्ग:)
   No प्रत्याहार: can be formed for this set.

   2. Which letter is repeated twice in the माहेश्वर-सूत्राणि?
   हकार:

   3. Which marker is repeated twice in the माहेश्वर-सूत्राणि?
   ण् 

2. 2. Where does the word “चत्वारः” come in the गीता?
   महर्षयः सप्त पूर्वे चत्वारो मनवस्तथा | (verse 10-6)

   6. Which word in the verse translates to “well-known”?
   विश्रुताः translates to “well-known.”

   Easy questions:

   1. Please give the प्रत्याहार: corresponding to each of the following (if possible):
   a) All letters (vowels + consonants)
   अल् |

   b) All consonants except the यकार:
   वल् |

   c) All vowels except the अकार:
   इच् |

   d) The two letters – रेफ: and लकार:
   रँ |
   Note: As per the following statement “लँण्-सूत्रेऽकारश्च (इत्) ।” in the सिद्धान्त-कौमुदी we understand that the अकार: (that follows the लकार:) in the माहेश्वर-सूत्रम् “लँण्” is a an इत् (marker.) This facilitates the formation of the प्रत्याहार: “रँ” (standing for र्, ल्) which is required in the सूत्रम् 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः ।

   e) All consonants except semi-vowels and nasals
   झल् |

   f) All consonants except the हकार:
   यर् |

   g) Set of five letters containing the first letter of each वर्ग: (क-वर्ग:, च-वर्ग:, ट-वर्ग:, त-वर्ग:, प-वर्ग:)
   चय् |

   h) Set of five letters containing the second letter of each वर्ग: (क-वर्ग:, च-वर्ग:, ट-वर्ग:, त-वर्ग:, प-वर्ग:)
   No प्रत्याहार: can be be formed for the second letter of each वर्गः — implying that पाणिनि: does not need it in formulating the सूत्र-पाठ: . (In order to form this प्रत्याहार: we would start with the खकार: and end with a marker after the थकार: . But there is no marker after the थकार: . So this प्रत्याहार: cannot be formed.)

   2. Which letter is repeated twice in the माहेश्वर-सूत्राणि?
   हकार: |

   3. Which marker is repeated twice in the माहेश्वर-सूत्राणि?
   ण् |