Today we will look at the form अब्धिम् mAs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.7.1.

श्रीशुक उवाच
ते नागराजमामन्त्र्य फलभागेन वासुकिम् । परिवीय गिरौ तस्मिन्नेत्रमब्धिं मुदान्विताः ।। ८-७-१ ।।
आरेभिरे सुसंयत्ता अमृतार्थे कुरूद्वह । हरिः पुरस्ताज्जगृहे पूर्वं देवास्ततोऽभवन् ।। ८-७-२ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
फलभागेन तवाप्यमृते भागो भविष्यतीत्यामन्त्र्य संमन्त्र्य वासुकिं नेत्रं गिरौ परिवीय संवेष्ट्याब्धिं मथितुमारेभिरे ।। १ ।। वासुकेर्मुखं तीव्रं दैत्यान् ग्राहयितुमेव पूर्वं हरिः पुरस्तान्मुखे जगृहे । ततोऽभवन्मुखं जगृहुः ।। २ ।।

Gita Press translation – Śrī Śuka resumed : Summoning Vāsuki, the king of serpents, by assuring him of his (due) share in the rewards (in the form of nectar) and twining him round that mountain as a cord (for whirling it round), the gods and the demons, full of joy, commenced churning the ocean (of milk) for the sake of nectar, fully prepared (for the uphill task), O scion of Kuru! Śrī Hari, first of all, grasped the serpent in the fore part (at its head) and the gods (too) ranged on that side (1-2).

आपो धीयन्तेऽस्मिन् = अब्धिः ।

The compound प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अब्धि’ is derived from the verbal root  √धा (डुधाञ् धारणपोषणयोः | दान इत्यप्येके ३. ११) in composition with the object ‘अप्’।

(1) अप् + आम् (ref: 2-3-65 कर्तृकर्मणोः कृति) + धा + कि । By 3-3-93 कर्मण्यधिकरणे च – To denote the locus of the action, the affix ‘कि’ may be used following a verbal root which has the designation ‘घु’ (ref. 1-1-20 दाधा घ्वदाप्) when in composition with a पदम् which denotes the object (of the action.)

(2) अप् + आम् + धा + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) अप् + आम् + ध् + इ । By 6-4-64 आतो लोप इटि च – The ending आकार: of an अङ्गम् takes लोप: when followed by a vowel-beginning आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: that has either:
(i) a “इट्”-आगम: or
(ii) a ककार: or ङकार: as an इत्।

= अप् + आम् + धि ।

We form a compound between ‘अप् आम्’ (which is the उपपदम्) and ‘धि’ by using the सूत्रम् 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ् – A सुबन्तम् (term ending in a सुँप् affix) having the designation ‘उपपद’ (in this case ‘अप् आम्’) invariably compounds with a syntactically related term (in this case ‘धि’) as long as the compound does not end in a तिङ् affix.

In the compound, ‘अप् आम्’ is placed in the prior position as per 2-2-30 उपसर्जनं पूर्वम्‌ – In a compound a term which has the designation ‘उपसर्जन’ should be placed in the prior position. Note: Here ‘अप् आम्’ is the उपपदम् and hence it gets the उपसर्जन-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-43 प्रथमानिर्दिष्टं समास उपसर्जनम् – A term denoted by a word (in this case ‘उपपदम्’) ending in a nominative case in a सूत्रम् (in this case 2-2-19 उपपदमतिङ्) which prescribes a compound gets the designation ‘उपसर्जन’।

(4) अप् + धि । By 2-4-71 सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः – A सुँप् affix takes a लुक् elision when it is a part of a धातुः or a प्रातिपदिकम्।

(5) अब्धि । By 8-2-39 झलां जशोऽन्ते।

‘अब्धि’ is used in the masculine gender.

The विवक्षा is द्वितीया-एकवचनम्।

(6) अब्धि + अम् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। 1-3-4 न विभक्तौ तुस्माः prevents the ending मकारः of ‘अम्’ from getting the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा।

(7) अब्धिम् । By 6-1-107 अमि पूर्वः – In place of a preceding अक् letter and the following vowel (अच्) belonging to the affix ‘अम्’ there is a single substitute of that preceding अक् letter.

Questions:

1. Where has the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘अप्’ been used in Chapter Seven of the गीता?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 3-3-93 कर्मण्यधिकरणे च (used in step 1) the काशिका says – अधिकरणग्रहणमर्थान्तरनिरासार्थम्। Please explain.

3. Commenting further on the same सूत्रम् the काशिका says – चकारः प्रत्ययानुकर्षणार्थः। Please explain.

4. Which सूत्रम् justifies the use of the affix ‘तुमुँन्’ in the form मथितुम् used in the commentary? Which सूत्रम् justifies it in ग्राहयितुम्?

5. Which कृत् affix is used to form the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘उद्वह’ (used as part of the compound कुरूद्वह in the verses)? Hint: The विग्रह-वाक्यम् is उद्वहतीति (उद्वहति इति) उद्वह:।

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“The ocean is called a mine of jewels.” Use the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘आकर’ for ‘mine.’

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-120 अत एकहल्मध्येऽनादेशादेर्लिटि been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix ‘स्य’ in the form भविष्यति used in the commentary?