Today we will look at the form तासाम् from भगवद्गीता Bg14-4

Gita Press translation "Of all embodied beings that appear in all the species of various kinds, O Arjuna, Prakriti or Nature is the conceiving Mother, while I am the seed-giving Father."

(1) तद् + आम् । तद् gets सर्वनाम-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-1-27 सर्वादीनि सर्वनामानि . The विवक्षा here is षष्ठी-बहुवचनम्. 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् “तद्” .

(2) त अ + आम । By 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः , तद् gets the अकारादेशः.

(3) त + आम् । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे the अकारः of त and the अकारादेशः is replaced by अ (पररूपम्) as एकादेशः.

(4) त आ + आम् । Since we are forming the रूपम् in the feminine, the टाप्-प्रत्ययः is ordained by 4-1-4 अजाद्यतष्टाप्‌ ।. Only आ remains after अनुबन्ध-लोपः.

(5) ता + आम् । त and आ give ता by 6-1-101 अकः सवर्णे दीर्घः .

(6) ता + सुँट् + आम् । By 7-1-52 आमि सर्वनाम्नः सुट्, the affix आम् prescribed to a pronoun, takes the augment सुँट् when the base (अङ्गम्) ends in अवर्ण: (short or long अ).

(7) ता + स् + आम् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः.

(8) तासाम्

Questions:

1. Which two rules (in addition to 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः) were used to do the अनुबन्ध-लोप: for the टाप्-प्रत्यय: in step 4?

2. Please list the four अधिकार-सूत्राणि which exert their influence on the सूत्रम् 4-1-4 अजाद्यतष्टाप्‌ ।

3. Where is the सूत्रम् 6-1-78 एचोऽयवायावः used in this verse?

4. Where is the सूत्रम् 7-1-94 ऋदुशनस्पुरुदंसोऽनेहसां च used?

5. When the प्रातिपदिकम् “तद्” is used, it’s a good habit to look for making a connection with the प्रातिपदिकम् “यद्” . The two words will have the same लिङ्गम्/वचनम् (because they refer to the same item) but their विभक्ति: may be different depending on the role in the sentence. Please spot the प्रातिपदिकम् “यद्” in this sentence. Which विभक्ति: does it have?

6. In the सूत्रम् 7-1-52 आमि सर्वनाम्नः सुट् , the term “आमि” is in सप्तमी which means (as per 1-1-66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य ) that the operation should be performed on the preceding element. On the other hand सर्वनाम्नः is in पञ्चमी which means (as per 1-1-67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य) that the operation should be performed on the following element. What helped us resolve this conflict and make the decision that the पञ्चमी has a greater force (compared to the सप्तमी) and hence the operation should be done on “आम्” ?

7. In the masculine, the षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् of the प्रातिपदिकम् “तद्” is तेषाम् . Why did the सकार: (of the सुँट्-आगम:) change to a षकार: in this case, but not in the feminine form तासाम् ?

8. Which word in the verse translates to “O Arjuna”?