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विष्णुना mIs

Today we will look at the form विष्णुना from श्रीमद्वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्

विष्णुना सदृशो वीर्ये सोमवत्प्रियदर्शनः |
कालाग्निसदृशः क्रोधे क्षमया पृथिवीसमः || १-१-१७||

Gita Press translation “He is a replica of Lord Visnu in prowess and is pleasing of aspect as the moon. In (show of) anger he resembles the destructive fire at the end of creation and is a counterpart of Mother earth in forbearance.”

विष्णु gets प्रातिपदिकसंज्ञा by 1-2-45 अर्थवदधातुरप्रत्ययः प्रातिपदिकम्. The विवक्षा here is तृतीया-एकवचनम्. 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप् mandates the प्रत्ययाः सुँ, औ, जस् etc. after the प्रातिपदिकम् “विष्णु”.

(1) विष्णु + टा ।

(2) विष्णु + आ । ट् gets इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-3-7 चुटू and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः causes it to disappear.

(3) विष्णुना । The affix आङ् is replaced by ना by 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् . (आङ् is an ancient name for the (instrumental singular) affix टा.) Please see question 2.

Questions:

1. Where is the सूत्रम् 7-3-105 आङि चापः used in this verse?

2. The अङ्गम् should have which सञ्ज्ञा in order for 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् to apply in step 3? By which सूत्रम् does “विष्णु” get this सञ्ज्ञा ?

3. What would have been the problem if पाणिनि: had not said “अस्त्रियाम्” in the सूत्रम् 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् ? The काशिका-वृत्ति: says “अस्त्रियाम् इति किम्? कृत्या। धेन्वा।” Please explain what this means.

4. Why did the नकार: in विष्णुना not change to णकार: even though there is a षकार: present in the same पदम् prior to the नकार:? Which intervening letter blocked the change?

5. What is the purpose of having the टकार: as an इत् in the टा-प्रत्यय: ? The तत्त्वबोधिनी commentary says “टाटकारस्तु ’टाङसिङसां’ , ’द्वितीयाटौस्वेनः” इति विशेषणार्थः।’ Please explain what this means.

6. Where is the सूत्रम् 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् used in the 18th Chapter of the गीता ? (Search for “ना”)

7. The सूत्रम् 1-3-7 चुटू is of which of the following types:
a) अपवाद-सूत्रम् – A rule which is an exception to another rule
b) विधि-सूत्रम् – A rule which prescribes an operation
c) निषेध-सूत्रम् – A rule which negates another rule
d) सञ्ज्ञा-सूत्रम् – A rule which defines a technical term

8. The सूत्रम् 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् is of which type (among the ones mentioned above)?

9. Which word in the श्लोक: translates to the word “replica”?

10. The सूत्रम् 7-3-120 आङो नाऽस्त्रियाम् belongs to which अधिकार:?

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