Today we will look at the form अदीदृशः 2As-लुँङ् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.24.30.

न तेऽरविन्दाक्ष पदोपसर्पणं मृषा भवेत्सर्वसुहृत्प्रियात्मनः । यथेतरेषां पृथगात्मनां सतामदीदृशो यद्वपुरद्भुतं हि नः ॥ ८-२४-३० ॥
श्रीशुक उवाच
इति ब्रुवाणं नृपतिं जगत्पतिः सत्यव्रतं मत्स्यवपुर्युगक्षये । विहर्तुकामः प्रलयार्णवेऽब्रवीच्चिकीर्षुरेकान्तजनप्रियः प्रियम् ॥ ८-२४-३१ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
हे अरविन्दाक्ष, वपुरदीदृशो दर्शितवानसि । पाठान्तरे पृथगात्मनो भेददर्शिनः पुंसः । असतां परिच्छिन्नानां पदोपसर्पणं यथा मृषेर्त्यथः ॥३०॥ एकान्तजना भक्ताः प्रिया यस्य ॥३१॥

Gita Press translation – It is not futile to take shelter under Your feet, O lotus-eyed Lord, as it is to approach the feet if those who are identified with the body, You being the disinterested friend, nay, the beloved Self of all, (as is evident from the fact that) You have revealed Your wonderful form to us, Your devotees (30). Śrī Śuka continued : To king Satyavrata, who had spoken thus, the Lord of the universe – who desired to sport in the ocean for the dissolution of the universe at the end of the Kalpa (which was imminent) and had accordingly assumed the form of a fish, (nay,) who sought to do a good turn to the king, fond to He is of those exclusively devoted to Him – said (as follows) (31).

अदीदृशः is derived from the धातुः √दृश् (भ्वादि-गणः, दृशिँर् प्रेक्षणे , धातु-पाठः #१. ११४३)

In the धातु-पाठः, √दृश् has “इर्” as a इत्। (Note: “इर्” gets the इत्-सञ्ज्ञा by the वार्त्तिकम् “इर इत्सञ्ज्ञा वाच्या।”) This “इर्” takes लोपः by 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

The विवक्षा here is लुँङ्, कर्तरि प्रयोग: (हेतुमति), मध्यम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

दृश् + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च  – The affix “णिच्” is used after a root, when the operation of a causer – such as the operation of directing – is to be expressed.
= दृश् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
= दृश् + इ । By 7-4-7 उरृत् – When followed by the affix णिच् which itself is to be followed by the affix “चङ्”, the penultimate ऋवर्णः (ऋकारः/ऌकारः/ ॠकारः) optionally takes ऋकारः as a substitute. See questions 2 and 3.
= दृशि । “दृशि” gets धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

As a general rule, a धातुः ending in the affix “णिच्” can take आत्मनेपद-प्रत्ययाः by 1-3-74 णिचश्च and परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययाः by 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्। In this example “दृशि” has taken a परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययः।

(1) दृशि + लुँङ् । By 3-2-110 लुङ्, the affix लुँङ् is prescribed after a verbal root when used in the sense of past.

(2) दृशि + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) दृशि + सिप् ।  3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “सिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(4) दृशि + सि । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) दृशि + स् । By 3-4-100 इतश्‍च, the ending इकारः of a परस्मैपद-प्रत्ययः which came in the place of a ङित्-लकारः is elided.

(6) दृशि + च्लि + स् । By 3-1-43 च्लि लुङि, when लुँङ् follows, the प्रत्यय: “च्लि” is prescribed after a verbal root.
Note: This सूत्रम् is a अपवाद: for 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌ etc.

(7) दृशि + चङ् + स् । By 3-1-48 णिश्रिद्रुस्रुभ्यः कर्तरि चङ् – In the active voice, the affix “च्लि” takes the substitute “चङ्” when following a verbal root ending in the affix “णि” or the verbal root √श्रि (श्रिञ् सेवायाम् १. १०४४) or √द्रु (द्रु गतौ १. १०९५) or √स्रु (स्रु गतौ १. १०९०).

Note: This सूत्रम् is अपवादः (exception) for 3-1-44 च्लेः सिच्।

(8) दृशि + अ + स् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(9) दृश् दृशि + अ + स् । By 6-1-11 चङि – When the affix “चङ्” follows a verbal root, there is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of the verbal root which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

(10) दर् श् दृशि + अ + स् । By 7-4-66 उरत्‌ – A ऋवर्ण: of the अभ्यास: (reduplicate) takes the अकारादेश: when a प्रत्यय: follows. By 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः , in the place of ऋवर्ण: if an अण् letter (“अ”, “इ”, “उ”) comes as a substitute, it is always followed by a “रँ” (“र्”, “ल्”) letter.

(11) द दृशि + अ + स् । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः – Of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

(12) दि दृशि + अ + स् । By 7-4-79 सन्यतः – When the affix “सन्” follows, a अकारः belonging to a reduplicate (अभ्यासः) is replaced by a इकारः।

Note: As per 7-4-93 सन्वल्लघुनि चङ्परेऽनग्लोपे – The operations on a reduplicate (अभ्यासः) belonging to a अङ्गम् which is followed by the affix “णि” which itself is followed by the affix “चङ्”, are done as if the affix “सन्” follows, provided the following two conditions are satisfied – i) the vowel (in this case the ऋकारः in “दृशि”) following the अभ्यासः is लघु (prosodically short) and ii) there is no elision (based on the affix “णि”) of a अक् letter.

(13) दी दृशि + अ + स् । By 7-4-94 दीर्घो लघोः – In the context where an affix has सन्वद्भावः (behaves as if it is the affix “सन्”) by 7-4-93 सन्वल्लघुनि चङ्परेऽनग्लोपे, a prosodically short (लघु) vowel (in this case the इकारः in “दि”)  of the अभ्यासः (reduplicate) is elongated.
Note: 7-4-94 cannot apply unless the conditions specified in 7-4-93 are satisfied first.

(14) दी दृश् + अ + स् । By 6-4-51 णेरनिटि – The “णि”-प्रत्यय: is elided when followed by an आर्धधातुक-प्रत्यय: which does not have the augment इट्।

Note: Since the affix “अ” (चङ्) does not begin with a वल् letter it cannot take the “इट्”-आगमः (by 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः।)

(15) अट् दीदृशस् । By 6-4-71 लुङ्लङ्लृङ्क्ष्वडुदात्तः – When followed by लुँङ्, लँङ् or लृँङ्, an अङ्गम् gets the “अट्”-आगमः which is उदात्तः। 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ places the “अट्”-आगमः at the beginning of the अङ्गम्।

(16) अ दीदृशस् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम् and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(17) अदीदृशः । रुँत्व-विसर्गौ by 8-2-66 ससजुषो रुः and 8-3-15 खरवसानयोर्विसर्जनीयः ।

Questions:

1. In the first five verses of Chapter 11 of the गीता where has √दृश् (दृशिँर् प्रेक्षणे १. ११४३) been used with the affix णिच् in a तिङन्तं पदम्?

2. What would be the alternate final form (when 7-4-7 उरृत् is not used) in this example?

3. What is the purpose of replacing a ऋकारः by a ऋकारः using 7-4-7 उरृत्? (Since the आदेशः (substitute) is the same as the स्थानी (term being substituted) the operation seems redundant.)

4. Can you recall three other सूत्राणि by which पाणिनिः prescribes a आदेशः (substitute) which is the same as the स्थानी (term being substituted)?

5. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 7-4-7 उरृत् the काशिका says इररारामपवादः। इर् – अचिकीर्तत्, अचीकृतत्। अर् – अववर्तत्, अवीवृतत्। आर् – अममार्जत्, अमीमृजत्। Note: The सूत्रम् 7-2-114 मृजेर्वृद्धिः (which we have not discussed in the class) is required to derive the form अममार्जत्।

6.How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“You did not show us your new vehicle.” Use चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः with “us”.

Easy Questions:

1. By which सूत्रम् does मृषा get the अव्यय-सञ्ज्ञा?

2. The form पुंसः (षष्ठी-एकवचनम्) is derived from the पुंलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् “पुम्स्”। What would be the प्रथमा-एकवचनम् of “पुम्स्”?