Today we will look at the form जिहासति 3As-लँट् from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 8.20.12.

यद्यप्यसावधर्मेण मां बध्नीयादनागसम् । तथाप्येनं न हिंसिष्ये भीतं ब्रह्मतनुं रिपुम् ॥ ८-२०-१२ ॥
एष वा उत्तमश्लोको न जिहासति यद्यशः । हत्वा मैनां हरेद्युद्धे शयीत निहतो मया ॥ ८-२०-१३ ॥

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका –
यद्यदि यशो न जिहासति तर्हि युद्धेऽयं मां हत्वैनां भूमिं हरेच्छयीत वा । सम्यग्ज्ञातः सन्मम चित्ते शयीतेति वास्तवोऽर्थः ॥ १३ ॥

Gita Press translation – Even if he unrighteously puts me – even though faultless – in bonds, yet I shall not hurt him, my enemy disguised as a Brāhmaṇa, and (therefore) afraid (of me) (12). If he is really Lord Viṣṇu (of excellent fame), he would not forfeit his fair name (by playing me false) and might (as well) wrest the earth (from me, even if I were loth to part with it) after killing me in battle; or, being slain by me, he might lie in (eternal) sleep (if he is an impostor) (13).

जिहासति is a desiderative form derived from the धातुः √हा (जुहोत्यादि-गणः, ओँहाक् त्यागे, धातु-पाठः #३. ९)

The विवक्षा is लँट्, सन्नन्त-प्रयोगः, कर्तरि, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्।

हा + सन् । As per 3-1-7 धातोः कर्मणः समानकर्तृकादिच्छायां वा – In order to express wish/desire, the affix सन् is optionally prescribed after a verbal root which underlies the object of and shares the same agent with the verbal root √इष् (इषुँ इच्छायाम् ६. ७८).

= हा + स । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः। Note: 7-2-10 एकाच उपदेशेऽनुदात्तात्‌ stops 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः।

= हा स् हा + स । By 6-1-9 सन्यङोः – There is reduplication of the first portion – containing a single vowel – of a verbal root ending in the affix “सन्”/”यङ्” which is not already reduplicated. But if the verbal root (that has more than one vowel) begins with a vowel, then the reduplication is of the second portion – containing a single vowel.

= हा हा + स । By 7-4-60 हलादिः शेषः – Of the consonants of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), only the one (if any) at the beginning is retained, the rest are elided.

= ह हा + स । By 7-4-59 ह्रस्वः, the अच् (vowel) of a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः) is substituted by a short vowel.

= झ हा + स । By 7-4-62 कुहोश्चुः, in a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), a letter of the कवर्गः or हकारः is replaced by a letter of the चवर्गः। The substitutions take place as per 1-1-50 स्थानेऽन्तरतमः।

= झि हा + स । By 7-4-79 सन्यतः – When the affix “सन्” follows, a अकारः belonging to a reduplicate (अभ्यासः) is replaced by a इकारः।

= जिहास । By 8-4-54 अभ्यासे चर्च, in a reduplicate (अभ्यासः – ref. 6-1-4 पूर्वोऽभ्यासः), a letter of the झल्-प्रत्याहारः is substituted by a letter of the चर्-प्रत्याहारः or जश्-प्रत्याहारः। The substitutions take place as per 1-1-50 स्थानेऽन्तरतमः।

“जिहास” has धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

In the धातु-पाठः, the verbal root √हा (ओँहाक् त्यागे ३. ९) is devoid of any indications for bringing in आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यया:। Therefore, as per 1-3-78 शेषात् कर्तरि परस्मैपदम्, in कर्तरि प्रयोग: √हा (ओँहाक् त्यागे ३. ९) takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: by default. Hence the सन्नन्त-धातुः “जिहास” also takes परस्मैपद-प्रत्यया: as per 1-3-62 पूर्ववत् सनः – A सन्नन्त-धातुः (verbal root ending in the affix “सन्”) takes a आत्मनेपद-प्रत्यय: in the same manner as the verbal root to which the affix सन् is added.
Note: This implies that if the धातु: to which the affix सन् is added is आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी then the सन्नन्त-धातुः is correspondingly आत्मनेपदी/परस्मैपदी/उभयपदी।

(1) जिहास + लँट् । By 3-2-123 वर्तमाने लट्, the affix लँट् comes after a धातुः when denoting an action in the present tense.

(2) जिहास + ल् । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-2 उपदेशेऽजनुनासिक इत्, 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(3) जिहास + तिप् । 3-4-78 तिप्तस्झिसिप्थस्थमिब्वस्मस्तातांझथासाथांध्वमिड्वहिमहिङ् mandates “तिप्” as the substitute for the लकारः।

(4) जिहास + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(5) जिहास + शप् + ति । By 3-1-68 कर्तरि शप्‌, the शप्-प्रत्यय: is placed after a verbal root, when followed by a सार्वधातुक-प्रत्यय: that is used signifying the agent.

(6) जिहास + अ + ति । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।

(7) जिहासति । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

Questions:

1. Where has the verbal root √हा (ओँहाक् त्यागे ३. ९) been used in a तिङन्तं पदम् for the first time in the गीता?

2. Which सूत्रम् is used for the गुणादेशः in the form शयीत?

3. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-24 अनिदितां हल उपधायाः क्ङिति been used in the verses?

4. Please do पदच्छेदः of वा उत्तमश्लोकः।

5. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“I did not want to give up the study of grammar.” Use the neuter प्रातिपदिकम् “अध्ययन” for “study.”

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“No one wants to drink the water of this river.”

Easy Questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 8-1-23 त्वामौ द्वितीयायाः been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् is used for the “एन”-आदेशः in the form एनाम्?