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तस्य nGs

Today we will look at the form तस्य nGs from श्रीमद्भागवतम् 6.8.39.

इमां विद्यां पुरा कश्चित्कौशिको धारयन्द्विजः । योगधारणया स्वाङ्गं जहौ स मरुधन्वनि ।। ६-८-३८ ।।
तस्योपरि विमानेन गन्धर्वपतिरेकदा । ययौ चित्ररथः स्त्रीभिर्वृतो यत्र द्विजक्षयः ।। ६-८-३९ ।।

श्रीधर-स्वामि-टीका
एतद्विद्याप्रभावमितिहासेनाह – इमामिति सार्धैस्त्रिभिः । मरुधन्वनि निरुदके देशे । अनेन विद्यायाः क्षेत्रतीर्थानपेक्षत्वं दर्शितम् ।। ३८ ।। यत्र द्विजस्य क्षयो देहत्यागस्तस्योपरि ।। ३९ ।।

Gita Press translation – Of yore, a certain Brāhmaṇa, who was a scion of the sage Kauśika and had his mind fixed on this sacred text, cast off his body in a desert through concentration of mind accompanied by retention of breath (38). Surrounded by ladies, Citraratha, the chief of the Gandharvas once flew in his aerial car over the spot where the Brāhmaṇa had died (39).

तस्य is नपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी-एकवचनम् of the सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तद्’।

(1) तद् + ङस् । By 4-1-2 स्वौजसमौट्छष्टाभ्याम्भिस्ङेभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसिँभ्याम्भ्यस्ङसोसाम्ङ्योस्सुप्। As per the 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन – A sixth case affix (‘ङस्’, ‘ओस्’, ‘आम्’) is used following a प्रातिपदिकम् (nominal stem) co-occurring with a word ending in an affix having the same meaning as that of the affix ‘अतसुँच्’ (ref. 5-3-28 दक्षिणोत्तराभ्यामतसुच्)।

See question 1.

Note: The section in which पाणिनि: prescribes affixes having the same meaning as that of the affix ‘अतसुँच्’ runs from 5-3-27 दिक्‌शब्देभ्यः सप्तमीपञ्चमीप्रथमाभ्यो दिग्देशकालेष्वस्तातिः down to 5-3-41 विभाषावरस्य

In the present example, the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘तद्’ co-occurs with the word ‘उपरि’ (prescribed by the सूत्रम् 5-3-31 उपर्युपरिष्टात्‌ which occurs in the section from 5-3-27 to 5-3-41.) Therefore ‘तद्’ takes the sixth case affix.

Note: As per 1-4-104 विभक्तिश्च the affix ‘ङस्’ has the designation विभक्ति:। This allows 7-2-102 to apply in the next step.

(2) त अ + ङस् । By 7-2-102 त्यदादीनामः – The ending letter of the pronouns, starting with ‘त्यद्’ and ending with ‘द्वि’, is replaced by ‘अ’ when followed by a विभक्ति: affix. As per 1-1-52 अलोऽन्त्यस्य, only the ending letter ‘द्’ of the अङ्गम् ‘तद्’ is replaced by ‘अ’।

(3) त + ङस् । By 6-1-97 अतो गुणे।

(4) तस्य । By 7-1-12 टाङसिङसामिनात्स्याः – Following a अङ्गम् ending in the letter ‘अ’, the affixes ‘टा’, ‘ङसिँ’ and ‘ङस्’ are replaced respectively by ‘इन’, ‘आत्’ and ‘स्य’। As per 1-1-55 अनेकाल्शित्सर्वस्य the entire affix ‘ङस्’ is replaced.

Questions:

1. The sixth case affix prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन is a अपवाद: (exception) to which affix that would have been prescribed by which सूत्रम्?

2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – अतसुचोऽस्तात्यनन्तरत्वेऽपि लाघवानुरोधेन अस्तात्यर्थेति नोक्तमित्याहु:। Please explain.

3. Which कृत् affix is used to derive the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विद्या’ (used in the form विद्याम् (द्वितीया-एकवचनम्) in the verses)?

4. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix अच् used to derive the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्षय’ (used in the compound द्विजक्षयः in the verses)?

5. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-52 निष्ठायां सेटि been used in the commentary?

6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
“Look at the plane flying over the mountains.” Use the verbal root √डी (डीङ् विहायसा गतौ १. ११२३, ४. ३०) for ‘to fly.’

Easy questions:

1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-4-62 कुहोश्चुः been used in the verses?

2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘औ’ in the form ययौ?


1 Comment

  1. 1. The sixth case affix prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन is a अपवाद: (exception) to which affix that would have been prescribed by which सूत्रम्?
    Answer: ‘दिक्‌छब्द-‘ इति पञ्चम्या अपवाद: – The sixth case affix prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन is a अपवाद: (exception) to the fifth case affix which would have been prescribed by the सूत्रम् 2-3-29 अन्यारादितरर्तेदिक्‌छब्दाञ्चूत्तरपदाजाहियुक्ते।

    2. Commenting on the सूत्रम् 2-3-30 षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन the तत्त्वबोधिनी says – अतसुचोऽस्तात्यनन्तरत्वेऽपि लाघवानुरोधेन अस्तात्यर्थेति नोक्तमित्याहु:। Please explain.
    Answer: The section in which पाणिनि: prescribes affixes having the same meaning as that of the affix ‘अतसुँच्’ runs from 5-3-27 दिक्‌शब्देभ्यः सप्तमीपञ्चमीप्रथमाभ्यो दिग्देशकालेष्वस्तातिः down to 5-3-41 विभाषावरस्य। The first affix prescribed in this section is not ‘अतसुँच्’ but ‘अस्ताति’। So the question comes – why does पाणिनि: say षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन and not the expected षष्ठ्यस्तात्यर्थप्रत्ययेन ? Some grammarians suggest that पाणिनि: chose to say षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन for the sake of brevity (षष्ठ्यतसर्थप्रत्ययेन is shorter than षष्ठ्यस्तात्यर्थप्रत्ययेन ।)

    3. Which कृत् affix is used to derive the feminine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विद्या’ (used in the form विद्याम् (द्वितीया-एकवचनम्) in the verses)?
    Answer: The कृत् affix ‘क्यप्‌’ is used to derive the स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विद्या’ – from the verbal root √विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने २. ५९).

    Please refer to the following post for derivation of the स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिकम् ‘विद्या’ – http://avg-sanskrit.org/2013/05/07/विद्या-fns/

    4. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the affix अच् used to derive the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्षय’ (used in the compound द्विजक्षयः in the verses)?
    Answer: The सूत्रम् 3-3-56 एरच् prescribes the कृत् affix ‘अच्’ used to derive the masculine प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्षय’ – from the verbal root √क्षि (क्षि निवासगत्योः ६. १४३).

    Please refer to the following post for derivation of the प्रातिपदिकम् ‘क्षय’ – http://avg-sanskrit.org/2013/03/12/क्षयाय-mds/

    5. Where has the सूत्रम् 6-4-52 निष्ठायां सेटि been used in the commentary?
    Answer: The सूत्रम् 6-4-52 निष्ठायां सेटि has been used in the form दर्शितम् (प्रातिपदिकम् ‘दर्शित’, नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्) – derived from the causative form of the verbal root √दृश् (दृशिँर् प्रेक्षणे १. ११४३).

    दृश् + णिच् । By 3-1-26 हेतुमति च।
    = दृश् + इ । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-7 चुटू, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
    = दर्श् + इ । By 7-3-86 पुगन्तलघूपधस्य च, 1-1-51 उरण् रपरः।
    = दर्शि । ‘दर्शि’ gets the धातु-सञ्ज्ञा by 3-1-32 सनाद्यन्ता धातवः।

    दर्शि + क्त । By 3-2-102 निष्ठा, 3-4-70 तयोरेव कृत्यक्तखलर्थाः।
    = दर्शि + त । अनुबन्ध-लोप: by 1-3-8 लशक्वतद्धिते and 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
    = दर्शि + इट् त । By 7-2-35 आर्धधातुकस्येड् वलादेः, 1-1-46 आद्यन्तौ टकितौ।
    = दर्शि + इ त । अनुबन्ध-लोपः by 1-3-3 हलन्त्यम्, 1-3-9 तस्य लोपः।
    = दर्श् + इत । By 6-4-52 निष्ठायां सेटि – The affix ‘णि’ is elided when followed by a निष्ठा affix (ref. 1-1-26) which has taken the augment ‘इट्’।
    = दर्शित । ‘दर्शित’ gets the प्रातिपदिक-सञ्ज्ञा by 1-2-46 कृत्तद्धितसमासाश्च। It is an adjective. In the commentary it is used in the neuter gender (because it is qualifying the neuter noun क्षेत्रतीर्थानपेक्षत्वम्)। प्रथमा-एकवचनम् is दर्शितम्।

    6. How would you say this in Sanskrit?
    “Look at the plane flying over the mountains.” Use the verbal root √डी (डीङ् विहायसा गतौ १. ११२३, ४. ३०) for ‘to fly.’
    Answer: पर्वतानाम् उपरि डीयमानम् विमानम् पश्य = पर्वतानामुपरि डीयमानं विमानं पश्य।

    Easy questions:

    1. Where has the सूत्रम् 7-4-62 कुहोश्चुः been used in the verses?
    Answer: The सूत्रम् 7-4-62 कुहोश्चुः has been used in the form जहौ – derived from the verbal root √हा (ओँहाक् त्यागे ३.९).

    Please see the following post for derivation of the form जहौ – http://avg-sanskrit.org/2012/01/12/जहौ-3as-लिँट्/

    2. Which सूत्रम् prescribes the substitution ‘औ’ in the form ययौ?
    Answer: The सूत्रम् 7-1-34 आत औ णलः prescribes the substitution ‘औ’ in the form ययौ – derived from the verbal root √या (या प्रापणे २. ४४).

    Please see the following post for derivation of the form ययौ – http://avg-sanskrit.org/2011/12/28/प्रययौ-3as-लिँट्/

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